北京地区韭菜迟眼蕈蚊种群动态 及越夏越冬场所调查研究
Population dynamics and summer and winter habitats of Bradysia odoriphaga in the Beijing area
史彩华1, 2** 杨玉婷1 韩昊霖2 程佳旭1 吴青君2 徐宝云2 张友军2***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2016.145
作者单位：长1长江大学农学院，荆州 434025；2. 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081
中文关键词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊，种群动态，越夏，越冬
英文关键词：Bradysia odoriphaga, population dynamics, over-summer, over-winter
中文摘要：
【目的】 为明确北京地区不同栽培管理模式下韭菜田全年韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga种群动态的发生规律及其越夏越冬场所。【方法】 分别在2014—2015年通过黄色板对露地和温室韭菜田块的韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫进行了监测，并通过挖根和网捕的方式调查韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的越夏越冬场所及虫态。【结果】 北京地区，露地韭菜田块韭菜迟眼蕈蚊每年发生3~4代，温室内可全年发生，主要为害高峰期在春秋两季；韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫主要分布在0~5 cm的土壤深处；夏季韭菜迟眼蕈蚊虫口基数偏低，但主要在本地韭菜田块越夏；冬季韭菜迟眼蕈蚊主要以4龄老熟幼虫在鳞茎内或鳞茎附近的土壤中越冬。【结论】 本研究阐明了北京地区不同栽培管理模式下，韭菜迟眼蕈蚊周年发生的种群动态规律及越夏越冬生物学特性，为韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的预测测报和综合防治提供理论参考依据。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To clarify the population dynamics and the summer and winter habitats of Bradysia odoriphaga under different Chinese chive cultivation and management regimes in the Beijing area. [Methods] B. odoriphaga imagoes were monitored using yellow swatches in fields and greenhouses from 2014 to 2015. The location and stage of development of B. odoriphaga in winter and summer were surveyed by digging up the roots of chives and netting. [Results] B. odoriphaga has three to four generations in chive fields annually but is present all the year round in greenhouses. The peak of crop damage is in spring and autumn. B.odoriphaga is mainly distributed in soil at a depth of 0-5 cm. The population is lower in winter than in summer. In summer, B. odoriphaga is predominantly found in local chive fields and over-winters as 4th instar larvae inside chive bulbs or in soil. [Conclusion] This study describes the population dynamics and summer and winter habitats of B. odoriphaga under different Chinese chive cultivation and management models in the Beijing area and thereby provides a basis for the prediction and control of B. odoriphaga.