温度对双委夜蛾种群生态学特征的影响
Effects of temperature on some ecological characteristics of a laboratory population of Athetis dissimilis (Hampson)
段爱菊** 王淑枝 王利霞 刘长营 刘顺通 韩瑞华 张自启
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2016.164
作者单位：洛阳农林科学院，洛阳471023
中文关键词：双委夜蛾，温度，生命表，发育历期，存活率，生殖力
英文关键词：Athetis dissimilis, temperature, life table, developmental duration, survivorship, fecundity
中文摘要：
【目的】 双委夜蛾Athetis dissimilis (Hampson)是新发现的一种农业害虫，为探索温度对双委夜蛾生长发育和繁殖的影响。【方法】 在室内l6，21，26，30，34(±1)℃, RH为70%±5%、光周期为14L︰10D条件下，测定了双委夜蛾各发育阶段的发育历期、存活率及成虫产卵量，组建了双委夜蛾的实验种群生命表。【结果】 结果表明，双委夜蛾各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短；世代发育起点温度（C）为9.88℃，有效积温（K）为906.53日·度；卵的孵化率在不同的温度下无显著差异；幼虫存活率、化蛹率和羽化率则以21~30℃为最高；成虫的产卵量以21~26℃为最高，而在16℃和30℃时显著降低，在34℃下成虫不能交配，30℃成虫交配率仅为46%；生命表分析表明，26℃双委夜蛾的种群趋势指数和内禀增长率取得最大值，分别为98.5和0.1。【结论】 21~26℃是最适宜双委夜蛾生长发育和繁殖的温度范围。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To explore the effects of the temperature on the growth, development, and reproduction, of Athetis dissimilis (Hampson), a new and important agricultural pest in China. [Methods] The developmental duration, survival rate and fecundity of A. dissimilis was measured under laboratory conditions of 16, 21, 26, 30 and 34 (±1)℃, RH 70％±5％ and a photoperiod of 14L︰10D, and the resultant data used to construct life tables. [Results] Developmental duration decreased as temperature increased from 16℃ to 34℃. The developmental threshold temperature was 9.88℃, and the effective accumulated temperature required for a whole generation was 906.53 degree-days. There was no significant difference in the hatching rate of eggs at different temperatures. The larval survival rate, pupation rate and emergence rate were highest at 21-30℃.The number of eggs laid per female was highest at 21-26℃, and decreased significantly at 16℃ and 30℃. Adults did not mate at 34℃, and the mating rate was only 46% at 30℃. Life table analysis showed that the index of population trend and the intrinsic rate of natural increase were higher at 26℃ than at any other temperature tested (98.5 and 0.1, respectively). [Conclusion] The highest intrinsic rate of natural increase and index of population trend were observed at temperatures from 21℃ to 26℃, which suggests that this is the optimal temperature range for A. dissimilis.