五种杀虫剂对桃小食心虫和梨小食心虫 的防治效果研究
Effectiveness of five insecticides for controlling Carposina niponensis Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) and Grapholitha molesta Busck (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
高 越1** 张鹏九1 赵劲宇1 史高川2 刘中芳1 张 慧1 范仁俊1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2017.124
作者单位：1. 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室，太原 030031； 2. 山西省农业科学院棉花研究所，运城 044000
中文关键词：杀虫剂，桃小食心虫，梨小食心虫，防治效果
英文关键词：pesticides, Carposina niponensis Walsingham, Grapholitha molesta Busck, control effect
中文摘要：
【目的】 明确3种新型非乳油制剂4%高氯·甲维盐微乳剂、20%高氯·毒死蜱微胶囊剂、20%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂和两种常规乳油制剂4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、1.8%阿维菌素乳油对桃小食心虫Carposina niponensis Walsingham和梨小食心虫Grapholitha molesta Busck的防治效果，为化学农药的合理使用提供参考。【方法】 3种新型农药制剂按照推荐用量分别分成高、中、低3种不同浓度处理，两种乳油制剂采用常规推荐用量处理进行果园桃小食心虫和梨小食心虫防治效果试验。【结果】 4%高氯·甲维盐微乳剂26.67 mg·kg －1在药后5、10、15 d对桃小食心虫的防治效果分别为100%、95.22%和95.11%，4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油的防治效果与其相当，防效都在90%以上；而4%高氯·甲维盐微乳剂40 mg·kg－1药后5、10、15 d对梨小食心虫的防治效果分别为83.33%、88.89%和93.70%，显著好于4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油，后者15 d后最高防效仅为78.99%；以上两种药剂的防效显著高于其它3种药剂20%高氯·毒死蜱微胶囊剂、20%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂和1.8%阿维菌素乳油。【结论】 桃小食心虫第一代发生前期和梨小食心虫第3代发生前期，推荐使用对环境友好的4%高氯·甲维盐微乳剂26.67~40 mg·kg －1（1 000 ~1 500倍液）进行防治。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To determine the effect of three non-emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation insecticides (4% beta-cyprmethrin·emamectin benzoate ME, 20% beta-cyprmethrin·chlorpyrifos CG and 20% chlorantraniliprole SC), and two conventional EC formulation (4.5% beta-cyprmethrin EC, 1.8% abamectin EC), for controlling Carposina niponensis Walsingham and Grapholitha molesta Busck, and to provide a scientific basis for the application of these insecticides. [Methods] Three concentrations (high, medium and low) of each non-EC formulation were prepared according to the recommended concentration, whereas the two conventional EC formulations were applied only at field-recommended concentrations [Results] Reductions in C. niponensis abundance achieved by spraying 26.67 mg·kg－1 of 4% beta- cyprmethrin·emamectin benzoate ME were 100%, 95.22% and 95.11% after 5, 10 and 15 days, respectively. The reductions in C. niponensis abundance achieved by spraying 4.5% beta-cyprmethrin EC were all > 90% and similar to those achieved using the previous pesticide. Reductions in G. molesta abundance achieved by spraying 4% beta-cyprmethrin·emamectin benzoate ME (40 mg·kg－1) were 83.33%, 88.89% and 93.70% after 5, 10 and 15 days, respectively, which was significantly better than those achieved by spraying 4.5% beta-cyprmethrin EC, for which the best result of 78.99% was recorded 15 days after spraying. The reductions in target pest abundance achieved using these two pesticides were significantly higher than those obtained with the other three pesticides tested, including 20% beta-cyprmethrin·chlorpyrifos CG, 20% chlorantraniliprole SC and 1.8% abamectin EC. [Conclusion] 26.67-40 mg·kg－1 (1 500-1 000 fold dilution) of 4% beta-cyprmethrin·emamectin benzoate ME is recommended for the control of C. niponensis at the prophase of the first generation and for the control of G. molesta at the prophase of the third generation.