小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚的抗性风险评价 与抗性生化机制研究
Risk assessment and biochemical mechanisms responsible for resistance to pyridalyl in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)
孙 杨；秦文婧；黄水金；秦厚国
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2018.061
作者单位：江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南昌 330200；江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南昌 330200；江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南昌 330200；江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南昌 330200
中文关键词： 小菜蛾，三氟甲吡醚，抗性风险，生化机制
英文关键词： [Objectives] A risk assessment and investigation of the biochemical mechanisms underlying resistance to pyridalyl in Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) were conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of pyridalyl for controlling this pest. [Methods] The threshold character/
中文摘要：
【目的】 明确小菜蛾Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)对三氟甲吡醚的抗性风险和抗性生化机制，为三氟甲吡醚的合理使用提供科学依据。【方法】 采用Tabashnik & McGaughey的阈性状分析方法评估小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚的抗性风险；采用浸叶法测定增效剂（胡椒基丁醚、磷酸三苯酯和顺丁烯二酸二乙酯）对三氟甲吡醚的增效作用，通过酶动力学方法测定了小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚抗性和敏感品系的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、酯酶和多功能氧化酶的活性。【结果】 经过18代次筛选，小菜蛾种群对三氟甲吡醚的抗性水平上升至14.8倍，小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚的抗性现实遗传力（h2）为0.1558；当h2=0.155 8时，在致死率为50%-90%的选择压力下，预计小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚抗性增加10倍分别需要16.1-7.3代。在小菜蛾三氟甲吡醚抗性品系中，酯酶和多功能氧化酶比活力均显著高于敏感品系，分别为敏感品系的1.34倍和1.45倍；谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶比活力与敏感品系的无显著差异。抗性品系的酯酶抑制剂磷酸三苯酯和多功能氧化酶抑制剂胡椒基丁醚对三氟甲吡醚具有明显增效作用，增效倍数分别为1.21倍和1.43倍；谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶抑制剂顺丁烯二酸二乙酯对三氟甲吡醚没有明显增效作用。【结论】 小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚产生抗性的风险较大，酯酶和多功能氧化酶活性的升高可能是小菜蛾对三氟甲吡醚产生抗性的重要机制。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] A risk assessment and investigation of the biochemical mechanisms underlying resistance to pyridalyl in Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) were conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of pyridalyl for controlling this pest. [Methods] The threshold character/trait analysis method from Tabashnik﹠McGaughey was used to assess the risk of resistance. The bioassay was conducted using the leaf dipping method. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), and diethyl maleate (DEM) were used in synergy bioassays. The enzyme kinetic method was used to determine the activities of glutathione-S-transferase, esterase, and mixed-functional oxidases, in both resistant and susceptible strains. [Results] The P. xylostella strain used in this study developed 14.8-fold resistance to pyridalyl after 18 generations of selection with a realized resistance heritability (h2) of 0.155 8. Pyridalyl resistance is expected to increase 10 fold in 16.1 to 7.3 generations under selective pressures of 50% to 90%. Compared to the susceptible strain, esterase and mixed-functional oxidase activity in a pyridalyl-resistant strain significantly increased by 1.34 and 1.45-fold, respectively. In synergy bioassays, both TPP and PBO significantly increased the toxicity of pyridalyl in the resistant strain, with synergistic ratios of 121.00% and 143.00%, respectively. DME had no obvious synergistic effect. [Conclusion] These results indicated that P. xylostella could develop significant resistance to pyridalyl. Increased esterase and mixed-functional oxidase activity may play an important role in such resistance.