蜱类病原体和共生菌多样性及其作用
Diversity, and roles, of pathogens and symbionts in ticks
张艳凯** 刘敬泽***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.001
作者单位：河北省动物生理生化与分子生物学重点实验室，河北师范大学生命科学学院，石家庄 050024
中文关键词：蜱；病原体；共生菌；蜱传疾病；作用与机制
英文关键词： ticks; pathogens; symbionts; tick-borne diseases; function and mechanism
中文摘要：蜱是一类专性吸血的体外寄生动物，宿主包括哺乳类、鸟类、爬行类和两栖类。蜱是多种病原体贮存和传播的媒介，由此带来的蜱传疾病危害人类和动物健康，给畜牧业生产造成损失。因此，蜱类研究具有重要的医学和经济学意义。根据已有的研究基础，本文对蜱类病原体的多样性和危害，蜱类-病原体-宿主互作机制，蜱传疾病的防治，蜱类共生菌多样性，蜱类共生菌功能及作用机制等方面的研究进展进行综述。可以看出，随着研究手段和技术的丰富，蜱类研究也越来越深入。这些研究结果不仅能够揭示蜱类生物学规律，也有助于有效地指导蜱传疾病防治。
英文摘要：
Ticks
are obligate blood-sucking arthropods, which can feed on mammals, birds,
reptiles and amphibians. Ticks are reservoirs for various pathogens which they transmit
to both humans and animals. The tick-borne diseases induced by these pathogens
are not only harmful to human and animal health, but also cause significant
economic losses to livestock farmers. Research on ticks is, therefore, both medically
and economically important. This paper reviews previous research on the
diversity of tick-borne pathogens, tick-pathogen-host interaction mechanisms,
tick-borne disease prevention and control, tick symbiont diversity, function
and the mechanisms underlying tick-symbiont interactions. An increase in the
amount of research on ticks and technological advances has resulted in an
obvious improvement in the quality of
research and information available on these pests. These results can not
only reveal more of the biology of ticks, but also help the prevention and
control of tick-borne diseases.