茶细蛾主要蜘蛛天敌种类的研究
Natural enemies of Caloptilia theivora
毕守东1** 张书平1 余 燕1 王振兴1 李 尚2 王建盼1 周夏芝2 刘飞飞
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.005
作者单位：1. 安徽农业大学理学院，合肥 230036；2. 安徽农业大学林学与园林学院，合肥 230036
中文关键词： 茶细蛾；两种茶园；年度间；天敌；跟随关系
英文关键词：Caloptilia theivora; two kinds of tea gardens; between the annual; natural enemies; following the relationship
中文摘要：
【目的】 为了明确乌牛早和白毫早茶园与茶细蛾Caloptilia theivora关系密切的主要蜘蛛天敌种类，为茶细蛾的综合治理工作中科学利用和保护自然天敌提供科学依据。【方法】 用灰色关联度法分析天敌对茶细蛾在数量上的关联度和天敌与茶细蛾空间半变异函数理论模型变程间的关联度，用生态位分析法研究天敌与茶细蛾之间的时间生态位相似性系数，对上述结果进行标准化，即二种关联度和相似性系数各自除以本类型参数的最大值，其商为密切指数。密切指数之和的最大者即为与茶细蛾关系密切的第一位天敌，以此为依据分析与茶细蛾跟随关系密切的天敌位次在茶树品种间和年度间的差异。【结果】 茶树品种间差异是，2015年乌牛早茶园对茶细蛾跟随关系密切的前四位天敌中有粽管巢蛛 Clubiona japonicola Boes. et Str、锥腹肖蛸 Tetragnatha maxillosa、斜纹猫蛛 Oxyopes sertatus、茶色新圆蛛 Neoscona theisi，2015年白毫早茶园有粽管巢蛛、锥腹肖蛸、茶色新圆蛛和斜纹猫蛛，两品种间8种天敌位次相异率为62.5%。2016年白毫早茶园的是斜纹猫蛛、粽管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛和锥腹肖蛸，乌牛早茶园的是茶色新圆蛛、草间小黑蛛 Erigonidium graminicolum、锥腹肖蛸和粽管巢蛛，两品种平均位次相异率为87.5%。两年两品种间天敌位次相异率为75%。年度间差异，2015年与2016年年度间相比，乌牛早茶园前四位天敌均有锥腹肖蛸、粽管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛，但位次不同。天敌位次相异率为87.5%。白毫早茶园年度间，前四位均有锥腹肖蛸、粽管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛和斜纹猫蛛，但位次不同，天敌位次相异率为75%。两种茶园年度间平均天敌位次相异率为81.25%。根据序号之和及密切指数之和评判，与茶细蛾在数量，时间和空间关系密切的前四位蜘蛛类天敌依次是棕管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛、锥腹肖蛸和斜纹猫蛛。【结论】 茶树品种对茶细蛾天敌位次的影响大于年度间的影响。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To investigate the population dynamics of Caloptilia theivora and its natural enemies in order to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive
control of C. theivora on the
Wuniuzao and Baihaozao tea varieties. [Methods] We used
grey correlation analysis and semivariant function theory to model the
ecological niches of C. theivora and
its natural enemies. We standardized the above results by dividing the
correlation and similarity coefficients by the maximum value of each parameter,
thereby obtaining a quotient close to the index. Based on this analysis, annual
differences between the two tea varieties were analyzed. [Results] In 2015, the four natural enemies most
closely associated with C. theivora on the Wuniuzao tea variety were Clubiona japonicola Boes. et Str, Tetragnatha maxillosa, Oxyopes
sertatus L. Koch and Neoscona
theisi. The three natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Baihaozao tea variety were C. japonicola, Tetragnatha maxillosa，Neoscona theisi and O. sertatus. The difference in ranking
of these eight predators between the two tea varieties was 62.5%. In 2016, the
four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Baihaozao tea variety
were O. sertatus, C. japonicola, N. theisi and T. maxillosa. The
four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Wuniuzao tea variety were N. theisi, Erigonidium graminicolum, T. maxillosa and C. japonicola. The
difference in ranking between the two tea varieties was 87.5% and the
difference in ranking among natural enemies was 75%. Comparing 2015 and 2016,
the four highest ranked natural enemies were T. maxillosa, C. japonicola
N. theisi and O. sertatus on the
Wuniuzao tea variety, and the annual
difference in ranking among different natural enemies was 87.5%. The four most
important natural enemies in both years on the Baihaozao tea variety were T. maxillosa, C. japonicola, N. theisi and
O. sertatus, the proportion of different natural enemies was 75%. The average difference in ranking among natural enemies in the two tea varieties was 81.25%. The four spider species most closely associated with C. theivora in abundance, time and space were C. japonicola, N. theisi, T. maxillosa and O. sertatus. [Conclusion]
Ranking of natural enemies of C. theivora was
more affected by tea variety than year.