不同饲料对稻纵卷叶螟取食代谢及 消化酶活性影响
Effects of different diets on the feeding and digestive enzyme activity of Cnaphalocrocis medialis
李传明1, 2** 祁建杭1 韩光杰1, 2 刘 琴1 杨亚军3 吕仲贤3 徐
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.014
作者单位：1. 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所，扬州 225007；2. 扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院，扬州 225009； 3. 浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所，杭州 310021
中文关键词：稻纵卷叶螟；取食代谢；消化酶
英文关键词：Cnaphalocrocis medialis; digestion response; digestive enzyme
中文摘要：
【目的】 研究稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medialis对水稻、玉米和人工饲料的取食代谢效应以及取食后幼虫生长发育、物质积累和中肠消化酶活性变化。【方法】 在实验室条件下以水稻叶片、玉米叶片及人工饲料饲养稻纵卷叶螟，观察生长发育状况，取特定龄期幼虫测定消化代谢、营养物质积累及中肠消化酶活性。【结果】 取食水稻的稻纵卷叶螟蛹重最高、历期最短，与玉米和人工饲料差异显著，取食人工饲料幼虫历期最长。取食不同饲料后单雌产卵量、产卵历期以及成虫寿命之间无显著差异；取食水稻的食物转化率显著高于玉米和人工饲料，取食人工饲料近似消化率最高；取食水稻和玉米的幼虫体内脂肪积累量显著高于人工饲料，取食人工饲料幼虫体内蛋白质和可溶性糖含量明显增加，显著高于水稻和玉米。人工饲料的幼虫体内总蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶三种消化酶活性显著高于水稻和玉米。【结论】 不同饲料饲养对稻纵卷叶螟生长发育及营养物质累积均有影响，而稻纵卷叶螟幼虫可能通过调节取食量及消化酶活性的方式保证对食料中营养物质摄取。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To study the effect of different
diets on the digestive efficiency, nutritional content, larval development and
digestive enzyme activity of Cnaphalocrocis
medialis. [Methods] The
digestive efficiency, nutritional content, developmental duration and digestive
enzyme activity of C. medialis larvae
reared on either an artificial diet, rice leaves or maize leaves, was measured
and compared. [Results] C.
medialis was able to complete its life cycle on all three diets but
had different developmental durations and pupal weights on each diet. C. medialis reared on rice leaves had
the shortest developmental duration and the heaviest pupae. There was, however,
no significant difference in the fecundity, oviposition period or adult
longevity, of C. medialis reared on
different diets. C. medialis reared
on rice leaves were significantly more efficient at converting digested food (ECD)
than those reared on maize leaves or the artificial diet. The approximate
digestibility (AD) of larvae reared on the artificial diet was 52.32%,
significantly higher than that of larvae reared on rice or maize leaves. C. medialis larvae reared on the artificial
diet had higher soluble protein and sugar content than that of those reared on
rice or maize, but lower fat content. Protease, amylase and lipase activity in
the midguts of larvae fed on the artificial diet was significantly higher than
that of larvae fed on rice or maize. [Conclusion] Diet
affected the development and nutritional composition of C. medialis. This species appears able to ensure adequate
nutritional uptake on different diets by adjusting its feeding behavior and the
activity of midgut digestive enzymes.