豆荚螟的人工饲养技术
Best conditions for rearing Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke)
迟家家1** 朱文君1 刘 锦2 陈 鹏1 刘俊展3 刘永杰1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.069
作者单位：1. 山东农业大学植物保护学院，山东省蔬菜病虫生物学重点实验室，泰安 271018； 2. 山东农业工程学院园林科学与工程学院，济南 250100；3. 滨州市农业科学院，滨州 256601
中文关键词：豆荚螟；发育历期；饲养技术
英文关键词： [Objectives] To identify the best conditions for raising Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke), one of the main pests of soybean crops, in captivity. [Methods] The effects of different enclosures on the growth and development of larvae, the effects of different sex ratios on fecundity, and the influen
中文摘要：【目的】 豆荚螟Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke)是大豆上的一种重要害虫，为探索豆荚螟的人工饲养技术。【方法】 本文研究了不同饲养器具对幼虫生长发育的影响、不同性比交配对生殖力的影响，以及不同产卵器具对成虫产卵量的影响。【结果】 相比平底试管和12孔培养板，使用30 mL塑料量杯饲养幼虫存活率最高，5个龄期存活率均在93%以上，3种饲养器具幼虫历期差异不明显；不同性比值对成虫寿命和产卵孵化率的影响不明显，雌雄比为1︰2时产卵量最高；不同产卵器具对雌雄成虫寿命的影响不显著，分别约为14 d和11 d，且雌成虫只在豆荚上产卵，在其它3种器具上产卵量均为0。【结论】 使用30 mL塑料量杯饲养幼虫，成虫配对时保持雌雄比1︰2，提供豆荚供其产卵是目前探索出的最好的人工饲养方法。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To identify the
best conditions for raising Etiella
zinckenella (Treitschke), one of the main pests of soybean crops, in
captivity. [Methods] The effects
of different enclosures on the growth and development of larvae, the effects of
different sex ratios on fecundity, and the influence of different oviposition
substrates on oviposition, were measured and compared. [Results] Insects
kept in 30 mL plastic measuring cups
had a higher survival rate than those kept in flat-bottomed tubes or 12-well
culture plates. The survival rate of five instars was higher than 93%. There
were no significant differences in the duration of the larval period among the
three different enclosure types. Sex ratio did not significantly affect adult
longevity or egg hatching rate but the highest fecundity was achieved at a female
to male sex ratio of 1︰2. The effect of different oviposition sites on the longevity of adults
was not significant; the longevity of males and females was about 14 and 11
days, respectively. Adult females only laid eggs on fresh pods and not on any
of the other substrates tested.
[Conclusion] Raising larvae in
30 mL plastic measuring cups, maintaining
a female to male sex ratio of 1︰2 and providing fresh
pods for oviposition improved the survival rate and fecundity of
E. zinckenella.