草地贪夜蛾的天敌资源及其 生物防治中的应用
The natural enemies of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and their application in biological control programs
唐 璞 王知知 吴 琼 刘银泉 时 敏 黄健华 陈学新**
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.046
作者单位：浙江大学昆虫科学研究所，浙江省作物病虫生物学重点实验室，农业部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室， 水稻生物学国家重点实验室，杭州 310058
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；入侵害虫；迁飞害虫；生物防治；天敌昆虫；寄生性昆虫；捕食性昆虫；昆虫病原微生物；病毒；细菌；真菌；线虫；大量繁殖；淹没释放；生态调控
英文关键词： fall armyworm; Spodoptera frugiperda; invasive insect; migratory insect; biological control; biocontrol; biological control agents; entomophagous insect; parasitoid; predator; entomopathogen; virus; fungus; bacterium; nematode; cereal crop; mass-rearing; inundative release; ecological regulation
中文摘要：
草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (FAW)是一种能取食80多种作物、成虫每晚能迁飞100多公里的多食性、迁飞性害虫，自从2018年底入侵我国以来，在我国快速向北扩散，到目前已经在我国18省市区发生，将严重影响我国玉米等粮食安全和农民的收入，及时研发应急防控技术和今后的可持续控制技术已迫在眉睫。根据草地贪夜蛾在美洲原产地的生物学特性及在非洲的控制实践，我们总结了草地贪夜蛾的天敌昆虫（寄生性和捕食性昆虫）和昆虫病原微生物（病毒、细菌、真菌和线虫）种类、主要天敌类群的生物学、天敌昆虫的大量繁殖、昆虫病原微生物的规模化生产、淹没释放应用、生态调控及生物防治的情况，并讨论了我国草地贪夜蛾生物防治的可行性和前景。
英文摘要： The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (FAW), is an insect pest that feeds on more than 80 crop species with the adult moth able to move over 100 km per night. FAW was first detected in Yunnan, southwest part of China in early 2019, and rapidly spread to 18 provinces within China by May this year, which seriously threatens the food and income security of millions of farmers. The development of emergency prevention and control technology at present and sustainable management technology in the near future are extremely urgent. Based on the studies of the pest’s biology in the Americas and the experiences of management for this pest in Africa, we summary the knowledge about the species of the natural enemies (biological control agents), including entomophagous insects (parasitoids and predators) and entomopathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes), the biology and characters of the main group of natural enemies, the mass rearing of entomophagous insects, the small-scale production of entomopathogens, and the biological control for fall armyworm management. We also discuss the prospects for using natural enemies against fall armyworm in China.