柑橘大实蝇初羽化成虫的取食选择性
Feeding preferences of newly-emerged Bactrocera minax
马跃坤1** CHAMBI Consolatha2** 李再园 黄 聪 邵 瑞 王福莲
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.054
作者单位：（1. 农林病虫害预警与调控湖北省工程技术研究中心，长江大学农学院，荆州 434025；2. 坦桑尼亚农林牧渔部土地利用司，多多马 2182）
中文关键词：柑橘大实蝇；初羽化成虫；取食选择性；水；蜜；蛋白；不同生境源营养
英文关键词：Bactrocera minax; feeding selectivity; newly-emerged adults; water; protein; antiseptics; nutrients from different habitats
中文摘要：
【目的】 探究柑橘大实蝇Bactrocera minax初羽化成虫的取食选择性。【方法】 室内观察柑橘大实蝇初羽化成虫（1-7日龄）在水和蜂蜜之间、蜂蜜中添加蛋白前后、蜂蜜中添加防腐剂前后和成虫在不同生境中的蜂蜜之间以及保鲜剂在蜂蜜中添加前后的取食选择性差异。【结果】 初羽化的柑橘大实蝇雌虫在2-3日龄、雄虫在3-4日龄，表现出对水的较高选择性。蛋白添加后比添加前的选择性显著降低。在不同生境的营养之间，雄虫对五倍子蜂蜜表现出显著高的选择性。另外，添加保鲜剂（山梨酸和尼泊金）后的选择性也显著降低。【结论】 柑橘大实蝇羽化后1-7日日龄成虫对蜂蜜和水取食选择基本相同，蜂蜜中添加蛋白、防腐剂影响取食选择性，雄虫对不同生境中的蜂蜜更敏感。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To investigate the feeding preferences of premature, adult Bactrocera minax. [Methods] Newly emerged (1-7
day post-eclosion) adults were kept indoors at a temperature of (25±1)℃ and a photoperiod of 12L︰12D and given a choice of either water or honey, honey with, or without,
protein, honey with, or without, antiseptics (sorbic acid or nipagin), and
honey from different habitats. [Results]
Newly-emerged adults did not
significantly prefer honey to water, but 2-3 day old females and 4 day old
males significantly preferred water to honey. Females, but not males, preferred
pure honey to honey with protein. Females significantly preferred pure honey to
honey with either nipagin or sorbic acid, whereas males only had a significant
preference for pure honey over honey with nipagin. Males preferred gallnut
honey to motherwort, rape or honeysuckle honey, and also significantly
preferred jujube honey to motherwort honey, but females did not display any
preference for honey type. [Conclusion] Newly-emerged adult B. minax generally preferred pure honey to that containing protein
or antiseptics. Males were more selective with respect to honey from different
habitats.