亚致死浓度除虫脲对朱砂叶螨生长和繁殖的影响
Sublethal effects of diflubenzuron on the growth and reproduction of an experimental population of Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) (Acari: Tetranychidae)
辛天蓉；练 涛；李雪儿；王 静；邹志文；夏 斌
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.085
作者单位：南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031；南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031；南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031；南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031；南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031；南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031
中文关键词：朱砂叶螨；除虫脲；亚致死效应；生命表；毒力
英文关键词：Tetranychus cinnabarinus; diflubenzuron; sublethal effects; life table; toxicity
中文摘要：【目的】 除虫脲属于苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂，本研究旨在探讨亚致死浓度除虫脲对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus生长发育和繁殖的影响，为除虫脲的合理使用提供一定的理论依据。【方法】 本文采用叶碟浸渍法测定了除虫脲对朱砂叶螨的毒力，生命表技术探讨亚致死剂量除虫脲对朱砂叶螨实验种群生长发育和繁殖的影响。【结果】 结果表明除虫脲对朱砂叶螨卵的LC50、LC30、LC10分别是15.825、6.089、1.534 mg/L。和对照组相比，亚致死剂量（LC10和LC30）除虫脲处理朱砂叶螨卵后，幼螨期、前若期、后若期历期无显著差异，卵期、静息期却显著延长；卵的孵化率、幼螨存活率、若螨存活率、每雌日均产卵量、平均每雌产卵量、雌螨平均寿命均降低；各处理组产卵前期显著延长；产卵期缩短，其中LC30处理组产卵期显著缩短；各处理组的净生殖率（R0）显著降低，LC30组最低；内禀增长率（rm）、周限增长率（λ）均降低，而LC30组显著降低；种群倍增时间（Dt）延长，其中LC30组显著延长；平均世代历期（T）、性比例各处理组均无显著差异。【结论】 亚致死剂量（LC10和LC30）除虫脲能够抑制朱砂叶螨的寿命和繁殖力。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To evaluate the sublethal effects of diflubenzuron on the development and reproduction of Tetranychus cinnabarinus. [Methods] The leaf disc dipping method was used to investigate the sublethal effects of diflubenzuron on the development and reproduction of a laboratory population of T. cinnabarinus. [Results] The LC50, LC30 and LC10 of diflubenzuron on the eggs of T. cinnabarinus were 15.825, 6.089 and 1.534 mg/L, respectively. Compared with the control group, treating eggs with a sublethal dose (LC10 and LC30) of diflubenzuron did not result in a significant difference in the duration of either the larval period, or that of the protonymph or deutonymph, but the egg period and quiescent duration were significantly prolonged. The hatching rate, larval and the nymph survival rate, number of eggs laid and mean female life span, were all decreased by sublethal exposure to diflubenzuron. The LC30 treatment group had a significantly longer pre-oviposition period and significantly shorter oviposition period than the control group. The net reproductive rate (R0) of all treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the control, with that of the LC30 group being the lowest. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) of all three treatment groups decreased, but only that of the LC30 group decreased significantly. The doubling time (Dt) of the LC30 group was significantly prolonged. There was no significant difference in the mean generation time (T) and sex ratio of the treatment groups and that of the control. [Conclusion] Different sublethal concentrations of diflubenzuron have significant inhibitory effects on the longevity and fecundity of T. cinnabarinus.