华中地区五种水稻品种对褐飞虱生活史和种群动态的影响
Effects of five different rice varieties on the life history and population dynamics of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens in central China
郑晓旭；赵慕华；何帅洁；李雪梅；杨凤连；吴 刚
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.016
作者单位：华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070；华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070；华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070；华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070；华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070；华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070；华中农业大学植物科技学院，武汉 430070
中文关键词：褐飞虱；水稻品种；两性生命表；生长发育；种群动态
英文关键词：brown planthopper; rice varieties; two-sex life table; growth and development; population dynamics
中文摘要：
【目的】 通过研究华中地区5种主栽水稻品种对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)生活史和种群动态的影响，评价褐飞虱个体和种群对5种水稻品种的取食适应性特征，为华中地区主栽水稻的应用推广和褐飞虱的防控提供数据参考。【方法】 利用两性生命表理论，研究华中地区5种水稻（“深两优3117”、“金优957”、“齐两优908”、“丰优989”、“汕优63”）对褐飞虱生活史参数的影响，并用软件模拟5种水稻喂饲下褐飞虱种群动态发生情况。【结果】 不同水稻品种对褐飞虱4-5龄若虫的影响最大，取食“齐两优908”后褐飞虱发育历期较其他水稻品种显著延迟（P<0.05）；“汕优63”和“金优957”饲喂下的褐飞虱产卵量显著低于其它3种水稻品种（P <0.05）；“齐两优908”喂饲处理下，褐飞虱成活率较其他4种水稻品种显著降低（P <0.05）。褐飞虱在5种水稻品的净增值率（R0）由高到低依次为“丰优989”>“深两优3117”>“汕优63”>“金优957”>“齐两优908”。【结论】 华中地区5种主栽水稻品种，“齐两优908”对褐飞虱成活率具有显著的降低效果；褐飞虱取食“丰优989”和“深两优3117”后种群净增值率最高。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To evaluate the effects of five rice varieties on the life history and population dynamics of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, in central China, and thereby inform the prevention and control of this pest. [Methods] The effects of five rice varieties (“Shen Liang you 3117”, “Jin you 957”, “Qi Liang you 908”, “Feng you 989” and “Shan you 63”) on the life history parameters of the brown planthopper were studied using two-sex life table. In addition, the population dynamics of N. lugens feeding on each of the five rice varieties was simulated with two-sex life table software. [Results] Different rice cultivars had different effects on 4th-5th instar nymphs of the brown planthopper. Nymphs fed on “Qi Liang you 908” took significantly longer to develop than those fed the other four rice varieties (P<0.05). Planthoppers fed on “Shan you 63” and “Jin you 957” had significantly lower fecundity than those fed on the other three rice varieties (P<0.05), and those fed on “Qi Liang you 908” had a significantly lower survival rate than those fed on the other rice varieties (P<0.05). The five rice varieties can be ranked in terms of the net reproductive rate (R0) of the brown rice planthoppers fed on them as follows; “Feng you 989” > “Shen Liang you 3117” > “Shan you 63” > “Jin you 957”> “Qi Liang you 908”. [Conclusion] Brown planthoppers fed on “Qi Liang you 908” had a significantly lower survival rate than those fed on the other four rice varieties, and those fed on “Feng you 989” and “Shen Liang you 3117” had a significantly higher net population growth rate than those fed on the other four rice varieties.