桃蚜对报警信息素和烟草挥发物的电生理和行为反应
Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Myzus persicae to alarm pheromone and tobacco plant volatiles
魏 波；陈宝源；张小娇；魏成梅；荆 英；李成云；董文霞
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.019
作者单位：云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，云南农业大学植物保护学院，昆明 650201； 扬州职业大学园林园艺学院，扬州 225000
中文关键词：桃蚜；烟草挥发物；报警信息素；触角电位反应；行为反应
英文关键词：Myzus persicae; tobacco plant volatiles; alarm pheromones; EAG; behavioral response
中文摘要：
【目的】 探究烟草挥发物和蚜虫报警信息素对桃蚜Myzus persicae行为的影响，以期为桃蚜的化学生态防治提供理论依据。【方法】 采用触角电位技术（EAG）测定了有翅蚜与无翅蚜对蚜虫报警信息素(E)-β-法尼烯与４种烟草挥发物(6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、壬醛、反-β-罗勒烯、乙酸正丁酯)的电生理反应，并利用Y型嗅觉仪测定了桃蚜对这些化合物的行为反应。【结果】 蚜虫报警信息素和４种烟草挥发物均能引起有翅蚜和无翅蚜的触角电位反应，有翅蚜的嗅觉感器对报警信息素更为敏感，而无翅蚜对烟草挥发物乙酸正丁酯和反-β-罗勒烯更为敏感。在1、10和100 ng 3个测试剂量范围内，报警信息素在剂量为10 ng和100 ng时对有翅蚜和无翅蚜的驱避作用显著，而1 ng时仅对无翅蚜有驱避作用。烟草挥发物乙酸正丁酯、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮和反-β-罗勒烯在剂量为100 ng时，对无翅蚜和有翅蚜具有引诱作用；当剂量10 ng时，乙酸正丁酯对有翅蚜和无翅蚜均有引诱作用，6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮仅对无翅蚜有引诱作用。【结论】 报警信息素对无翅蚜的驱避作用强于有翅蚜，烟草挥发物组分6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、乙酸正丁酯、反-β-罗勒烯对桃蚜的无翅蚜和有翅蚜均具有引诱作用。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To provide information to inform the choice of pheromones and volatile compounds for the environmentally-friendly control of crop damage by this species, the effects of tobacco volatiles and an alarm pheromone on the behavior of Myzus persicae were measured. [Methods] Electrophysiological responses of winged and wingless M. persicae to 1, 10 and 100 ng concentrations of the aphid alarm pheromone ((E)-β-farnesene) and four volatile tobacco plant compounds (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, butyl acetate, (E)-β-ocimene and nonanal) were recorded by EAG and the behavioral responses of individual aphids to these compounds were recorded in a Y-tube olfactometer. [Results] Aphid alarm pheromone and the four tobacco volatile compounds tested all elicited EAG responses in both winged and wingless aphids. Winged aphids were more sensitive to the alarm pheromone than wingless ones, whereas wingless aphids were more sensitive to butyl acetate and (E)-β-ocimene. Both 10 ng and 100 ng concentrations of the alarm pheromone repelled both winged and wingless aphids, but the 1ng concentration only repelled wingless aphids. One hundred nanogram concentrations of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, butyl acetate and (E)-β-ocimene were significantly attractive to both winged and wingless aphids. A concentration of 10 ng butyl acetate attracted both winged and wingless aphids, but the same concentration of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one only attracted wingless ones.[Conclusion] The alarm pheromone has a stronger repellent effect on wingless aphids than winged aphids, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, butyl acetate and (E)-β-ocimene are attractive to both winged and wingless aphids.