虫害诱导的小麦挥发物促进异色瓢虫对麦蚜的控制作用
Herbivore-induced wheat volatiles facilitate biocontrol of the cereal aphid by the multicolored Asian ladybeetle
乔 飞；蔡志平； 苏建伟
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.021
作者单位：中国科学院动物研究所，农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101；中国科学院动物研究所，农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101；中国科学院动物研究所，农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101
中文关键词：顺-3-己烯乙酸酯；瓢虫；引诱剂； 保护性生物防治
英文关键词：(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate; ladybeetle, attractant; conservation biological control
中文摘要：
【目的】 充分利用虫害诱导的植物挥发物对天敌的引诱作用，增强天敌对麦蚜田间控制作用，是有效开展害虫生态调控的基础。【方法】 比较分析小麦受蚜虫取食对小麦挥发物的影响；检测异色瓢虫对未受损小麦、麦蚜危害小麦和顺-3-己烯乙酸酯的嗅觉反应；评估顺-3-己烯乙酸酯应用于田间后对异色瓢虫和麦蚜的影响。【结果】 麦蚜取食提高了小麦挥发物顺-3-己烯乙酸酯的释放速率和相对含量；受麦蚜取食的小麦和单顺-3-己烯乙酸酯均对异色瓢虫有显著的引诱作用；顺-3-己烯乙酸酯投放到田间显著提高了异色瓢虫密度，降低了麦蚜密度。【结论】 虫害诱导的植物挥发物（顺-3-己烯乙酸酯）能吸引天敌（异色瓢虫），可用于田间增强天敌对害虫的控制作用。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To determine if herbivore-induced plant volatiles can enhance the biocontrol of the cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae) in wheat fields by attracting their natural enemy, the multicolored Asian ladybeetle (Harmonia axyridis). [Methods] The olfactory responses of adult Asian ladybeetles to undamaged wheat seedlings, wheat seedlings that had been fed on by cereal aphids and to synthetic (cis)-3-hexenyl acetate, were measured and compared. In addition, the effect of applying (cis)-3-hexenyl acetate to wheat fields on both ladybeetle and cereal aphid populations was investigated. [Results] The emission rate and relative content of (cis)-3-hexenyl acetate emitted by wheat seedlings increased after these had been fed on by cereal aphids. Both wheat seedlings that had been fed on by cereal aphids and (cis)-3-hexenyl acetate were strongly attractive to adult ladybeetles. Applying (cis)-3-hexenyl acetate to wheat fields attracted ladybeetles and decreased wheat aphid abundance. [Conclusion] The herbivore-induced plant volatile, (cis)-3-hexenyl acetate, has the potential to attract the multicolored Asian ladybeetle, thereby enhancing the biocontrol of cereal aphids in wheat fields.