内共生菌Wolbachia在蓖麻粉虱内的分布
Distribution of Wolbachia in Trialeurodes ricini Misra
宋 月；樊永亮；武丽娟；张战凤；刘小凤； 曹京阳；刘淑敏；刘同先
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.047
作者单位：西北农林科技大学，西北旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，农业部西北黄土高原作物有害生物 综合治理重点实验室，杨凌 712100；陕西省杨陵区农业技术推广服务中心，杨凌 712100
中文关键词：Wolbachia；蓖麻粉虱；内共生菌；感染率
英文关键词：Wolbachia; Trialeurodes ricini; endosymbiont; infection rate
中文摘要：
【目的】 在粉虱类害虫生物防治的载体植物系统中，蓖麻粉虱 Trialeurodes ricini 是较好的替代寄主。Wolbachia是节肢动物中分布最广的细胞内共生菌，对昆虫的生殖和发育具有重要影响，明确蓖麻粉虱中Wolbachia的分布可为蓖麻粉虱Wolbachia的深入研究奠定基础，为粉虱类害虫的生物防治提供新的理论依据和思路。【方法】 通过内共生菌Wolbachia的wsp基因A大组和B大组特异性引物对蓖麻粉虱的室内饲养种群及蓖麻粉虱与丽蚜小蜂同笼饲养20代的种群逐代进行PCR检测，对扩增到的基因进行测序并构建系统发育树，进行相关分析。【结果】 蓖麻粉虱种群中只有A大组Wolbachia分布，感染率为40%，系统发育分析表明该类群的Wolbachia属于A 大组中的Dro亚组，与报道的其他寄生蜂种群感染的Wolbachia同属一组。丽蚜小蜂种群中的Wolbachia属B大组，蓖麻粉虱与丽蚜小蜂混合饲养20代，逐代检测发现Wolbachia并未在蓖麻粉虱与丽蚜小蜂种群间发生水平传播。【结论】 蓖麻粉虱的室内饲养种群中Wolbachia的感染率仅为40%，说明Wolbachia能够在蓖麻粉虱种群中稳定遗传，但在蓖麻粉虱个体间水平传播的能力较弱。短时间内Wolbachia无法在蓖麻粉虱与丽蚜小蜂种群间水平传播。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The whitefly, Trialeurodes ricini is an important crop pest in China. Wolbachia is the most abundant intracellular bacterial endosymbiont widely distributed in arthropods, including T. ricini and the parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa. Wolbachia has an important influence on the reproduction and development of insects so knowing it’s distribution in T. ricini and E. formosa can lay a foundation both for the in-depth study of Wolbachia, and novel ideas for the biocontrol of whiteflies. [Methods] The distribution of Wolbachia in indoor populations of T. ricini and E. formosa were detected by PCR. Specific primers of the Wolbachia wsp gene within groups A and B were designed. The amplified genes were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. [Results] Only group A was detected in the T. ricini population with an infection rate of 40%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that this group of Wolbachia, together with the Wolbachia reported in parasitic wasps, belongs to the Dro subgroup of group A. The Wolbachia detected in the E. formosa population belonged to group B. These two strains of Wolbachia did not horizontally transfer between the T. ricini and E. formosa. [Conclusion] The infection rate of Wolbachia in an indoor breeding population of the T. ricini was only 40%, which indicates that although Wolbachia can be inherited in T. ricini, its ability to spread horizontally through the population is weak. We conclude that Wolbachia doesn’t spread horizontally between T. ricini and E. formosa populations over a short time period.