【目的】本研究旨在探索大豆蚜对半致死浓度LC₅₀、亚致死浓度LC₃₀吡虫啉的适应性，掌握吡虫啉对大豆蚜种群在田间发生趋势、进化及分布的影响，从而指导田间精准施药，为保护生态环境和推动可持续农业发展提供新思路。【方法】 采用浸渍法，用大豆蚜初孵若虫亚致死浓度LC₃₀及半致死浓度LC₅₀的吡虫啉胁迫大豆蚜初孵若虫，监测大豆蚜实验种群的生长发育特性和繁殖力变化趋势，组建种群生命表。另用4龄若虫亚致死浓度LC₃₀及半致死浓度LC₅₀的吡虫啉胁迫大豆蚜，分析连续5代大豆蚜对吡虫啉的抗性。【结果】 受LC₅₀、LC₃₀吡虫啉药剂胁迫的大豆蚜种群的存活率均经历了急剧下降期、平缓下降期和次急速下降期3个时期，根据Deevey种群存活曲线两个处理均为凹曲线；日产蚜峰值出现顺序依次为：LC₃₀（处理组Ⅰ）、对照组、LC₅₀（处理组Ⅱ）；受LC₃₀、LC₅₀和对照组吡虫啉药剂胁迫的大豆蚜世代平均历期的比值是0.929∶1.068∶1；净增值率（R₀）的比值是0.297∶0.141∶1；周限增长率（λ）的比值是0.892∶0.798∶1；倍增时间（T_d）的比值是1.4∶2.35∶1；吡虫啉药剂胁迫大豆蚜种群产生的抗性在第2-3代差异显著，分别为1.78倍和2.23倍；LC₃₀（处理组Ⅰ）吡虫啉药剂胁迫大豆蚜种群产生的抗性在第4-5代差异显著，分别为1.61倍和1.90倍。【结论】 大豆蚜对不同浓度吡虫啉胁迫的适应性存在差异。应针对施药浓度、方法制定相应的防治方案，降低大豆蚜产生抗性风险。

[Objectives]  To investigate the effects of LC₅₀(semi-lethal) and LC₃₀(sublethal) concentrations of imidacloprid on Aphis glycines in the field, and the effect of resistance to this pesticide on the occurrence, evolution and distribution of this pest. [Methods]  The impregnation method, soaking leaves in imidacloprid, was used to expose newly-hatched A. glycines nymphs to LC₃₀ and LC₅₀ doses of imidacloprid, after which their growth, development and reproductive capacity were measured and used to compile a population life-table. In addition, we monitored changes in resistance to imidacloprid over five successive generations by exposing 4th instar larvae to either LC₃₀ or LC₅₀ doses of imidacloprid. [Results]  The survival rate of nymphs exposed to both LC₃₀ and LC₅₀ doses of imidacloprid first sharply declined, then gently declined and finally once again sharply declined. Both doses produced concave survival curves according to the Deevey survival curve. The temporal order of the daily fecundity peak, from early to late, was: LC₃₀ treatment group, control group, LC₅₀ treatment group. Mean generation lengths were LC₃₀∶LC₅₀ ∶control group = 0.929∶1.068∶1 and net appreciation rates (R₀) were LC₃₀∶ LC₅₀∶control group = 0.297∶0.141∶1. Finite rates of increase (λ) were: LC₃₀∶LC₅₀∶control group = 0.892∶0.798∶ 1 and the doubling times (T_d) ∶ LC₃₀∶LC₅₀∶ control group = 1.4∶ 2.35∶1. Resistance of the LC₅₀ treatment group was 1.78 times and 2.23 times higher than the control after 2 and 3 generations, respectively, whereas that of the LC₃₀ treatment group was 1.61 times and 1.90 times higer after 4 and 5 generations, respectively. [Conclusion]  The development of resistance to imidacloprid by A. glycines varied with dosage. Control plans should take into account both the dosage and the method of application to minimize the development of resistance.