辽宁黄椅山森林公园寄蝇多样性研究
Diversity of Tachinidae in Mt. Huangyi Forest Park, Liaoning, China
赵 颍；关环环；郝 博；何巧巧；张春田
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.074
作者单位：沈阳师范大学生命科学学院，沈阳 110034；南京大学生命科学学院，南京 210023
中文关键词：寄蝇群落；生物多样性；宽甸；指示性昆虫；优势种
英文关键词：Tachinidae community; biodiversity; Kuandian; indicator insect; dominant species
中文摘要：
【目的】 探明辽宁宽甸黄椅山森林公园寄蝇的种类及其动态规律，筛选出反映森林状况和动态的指示性昆虫。【方法】 2017-2018年5-9月采用网捕法监测了黄椅山森林公园的寄蝇种群，并分析了寄蝇群落的种-多度曲线、多样性指数、个体数、物种丰富度、均匀度与多样性的关系。【结果】 黄椅山森林公园寄蝇已知4亚科23族162种，以追寄蝇亚科的种类为多。寄蝇群落的种-多度关系符合生态位优先占领模型，多样性指数与均匀度不相一致，而与物种丰富度一致。【结论】 黄椅山森林公园寄蝇种类丰富，其中寄蝇常见种和优势种种类极少，而少见种种类集中，即黄椅山森林公园寄蝇赖以生存的生态环境不稳定。筛选出怒寄蝇Tachina (s.
str.) nupta (Rondani) 作为指示性昆虫监测森林的生态环境状况；提出了合理保护和利用森林资源的建议。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To clarify the diversity and occurrence patterns of members of the
Tachinidae in Mt. Huangyi Forest Park, Kuandian, Liaoning, China, and identify
species that are indicators of forest status and population dynamics. [Methods] The Tachinidae population in Mt. Huangyi
Forest Park was monitored using the net trap method from May to September 2017
and 2018. The species-abundance curve, diversity index, number of individuals,
species richness, and the relationship between evenness and diversity, were
analyzed. [Results] 162 known
species in 4 subfamilies, most of which were in the Exoristinae, were
identified. Species abundance relationship supported the niche preemption
model. The diversity index was consistent with species richness, but not with
evenness. [Conclusion] Although
there are many tachinid species in Mt. Huangyi Forest Park, there are very few
common and dominant species, and rare species are localized. This indicates
that the Tachinidae community of Mt. Huangyi Forest Park is not stable. Tachina (s. str.) nupta (Rondani) was
identified as an indicator species for monitoring the ecological health
of forests. Some suggestions for
the rational utilization and protection of the forest are proposed.