氟啶虫胺腈对意大利蜜蜂解毒、免疫和 记忆相关基因表达的亚致死效应
Sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on the expression of detoxification, immune and memory related, genes in the honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica)
施腾飞；王安然；朱玉洁；余林生
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.085
作者单位：安徽农业大学；安徽农业大学；安徽农业大学；安徽农业大学
中文关键词：意大利蜜蜂；氟啶虫胺腈；解毒相关基因；免疫相关基因；记忆相关基因
英文关键词：Apis mellifera ligustica; sulfoxaflor; detoxification related gene; immune related gene; memory related gene
中文摘要：
【目的】 新型杀虫剂氟啶虫胺腈广泛用于农业生产中的害虫防治，但其对蜜蜂健康影响的研究较少。本文探究了亚致死剂量的噻虫啉对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica 6种解毒相关基因（CYP9Q1、CYP9Q2、CYP9Q3、CYP9S1、CYP6AS5和CYP4G11）、4种免疫相关基因（Abaecin、Defensin、Hymenoptaeci和Apidaecin）和3种记忆相关基因（PKA、GluRA和 NMDAR1）表达的影响。【方法】 采用饲喂法确定氟啶虫胺腈对蜜蜂的经口急性毒性；并用1/3 LD50和1/10 LD50氟啶虫胺腈饲喂蜜蜂后48 h，运用荧光定量PCR技术分别检测了蜜蜂脑部解毒、免疫和记忆相关基因的表达变化，并统计各组蜜蜂的死亡率。【结果】 氟啶虫胺腈对蜜蜂经口性半数致死剂量LD50为0.099 μg/蜂；饲喂1/3 LD50氟啶虫胺腈能够显著抑制蜜蜂Abaecin和Defensin的表达（P < 0.05），而PKA、NMDAR1、GluRA、CYP9Q2和CYP9Q3能够被其诱导上调表达（P < 0.05）；饲喂1/3 LD50和1/10 LD50氟啶虫胺腈均能显著诱导蜜蜂Hymenoptaecin、Apidaecin、CYP6AS5和 CYP4G11上调表达（P < 0.05）。但饲喂1/3 LD50和1/10 LD50氟啶虫胺腈的处理均不影响蜜蜂CYP9Q1和CYP9S1表达。【结论】 氟啶虫胺腈的曝露可能会对意大利蜜蜂的免疫、记忆和解毒系统都有一定的影响，这对深入探究氟啶虫胺腈与蜜蜂之间互作的分子机制有一定生物学意义。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The new insecticide
sulfoxaflor is widely used to control insect pests but little is known about
its effects on honeybees (Apis mellifera
ligustica). The sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on the expression of six
detoxification (CYP9Q1, CYP9Q2, CYP9Q3, CYP9S1, CYP6AS5 and CYP4G11), four immune (Abaecin, Defensin, Hymenoptaeci and Apidaecin), and three memory (PKA, GluRA and NMDAR1), related genes in
honeybees was investigated. [Methods] (1) The LD50 value of sulfoxaflor to honeybees was assessed using the “oral-feeding
tube” method. (2) Changes in the expression of six detoxification, four immune,
and three memory related genes were measured 48 h after bees had been fed
sublethal doses (1/3 LD50 and
1/10 LD50) of sulfoxaflor. [Results] (1) The LD50 value
of sulfoxaflor to honeybees was 0.099
μg/bee. (2) Exposure to 1/3 LD50 of sulfoxaflor significantly
inhibited Abaecin and Defensin expression in honeybees (P < 0.05), but up-regulated the expression of PKA, NMDAR1, GluRA, CYP9Q2 and CYP9Q3 (P < 0.05). The expression levels of Hymenoptaecin, Apidaecin, CYP6AS5 and CYP4G11 in both treatment groups were significantly higher than in
the control group. Sulfoxaflor did not, however, affect the expression of CYP9Q1 and CYP9S1. [Conclusion] Sulfoxaflor could
potentially affect the detoxification, immune and memory systems of honeybees.
These results provide a basis for further exploring the complex molecular
interactions between sulfoxaflor and honeybees.