【目的】 近年来，多个地区二化螟 Chilo suppressalis（Walker）发生危害加重，对水稻生产造成新的重大威胁。由于水稻二化螟对常规防治药剂产生了抗药性，二化螟盘绒茧蜂 Cotesia chilonis (Munakata) 作为田间二化螟幼虫的优势寄生蜂，正逐渐引起大家关注。本论文通过研究室内繁殖的二化螟盘绒茧蜂对田间二化螟的防治效果，以探明室内繁殖的二化螟盘绒茧蜂的防控能力；同时研究多种环境友好型农药对田间二化螟的防治效果，并分析比较药剂防治对二化螟盘绒茧蜂寄生控制的影响。【方法】 设置2个放蜂密度和7种不同药剂处理，通过全查法系统调查不同处理小区的枯心数、白穗数、枯孕穗数、残留活虫数等变化以分析比较防效。【结果】 2个放蜂密度（125头蜂茧和250头蜂茧）处理下都可有效减少二化螟对水稻的为害；但2个放蜂密度之间无显著性差异。同时，放蜂密度高，寄生率就高。药剂实验结果发现溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂防效最佳，氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂和苏云金杆菌悬浮剂次之，杀虫双的防效最差。不同剂量的溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂防治效果也有较大差异。此外，放蜂处理的小区二化螟盘绒茧蜂具有最高的寄生率，但无论那种农药处理都显著降低了二化螟被二化螟盘绒茧蜂寄生的寄生率。【结论】 二化螟盘绒茧蜂在田间对水稻二化螟具有一定的防控能力，但放蜂密度和技术仍然需要进一步研究。同时，所试验的7种杀虫剂均显著降低了二化螟绒茧蜂的控害效能，与释放二化螟绒茧蜂不兼容。在水稻二化螟药剂防治时不仅要考虑防治效果和使用剂量，还应考虑对天敌以及生态环境的影响。因此，本实验的结果为后续建立以二化螟盘绒茧蜂为中心的二化螟绿色防控体系提供了理论和实践基础。

[Objectives]  Increasing crop damage by Chilo suppressalis (Walker) in recent years poses a major threat to rice production. Due to the resistance of C. suppressalis to multiple pesticides, the parasitic wasp Cotesia chilonis is gradually becoming more popular as a biological control for the larvae of C. suppressalis in the field. The aim of this study was to clarify the ability of insectary-reared C. chilonis to control C. suppressalis in the field, and investigate the effects of various environmentally-friendly pesticides on both C. suppressalis and C. chilonis. [Methods]  The number of dead heart leaves, white ears and dead boot stages of rice, and the number of live C. suppressalis larvae, following releases of two different densities (125 and 250 cocoons) of C. chilonis and seven different pesticide treatments, was quantified and to compared. [Results]  Both densities of C. chilonis reduced C. suppressalis damage to the rice plants; there was no significant difference between the two densities of C. chilonis in this respect, although more C. suppressalis were parasitized after the higher density of C. chilonis were released. Among the different pesticide treatments, cyantraniliprole was the best, followed by chlorantraniliprole, and Bacillus thuringiensis and dimehypo were the worst. There were also large differences in the effectiveness of different doses of cyantraniliprole. The high parasitic rate was found where C. chilonis was released but all pesticide treatments significantly reduced the number of C. suppressalis larvae parasitized by C. chilonis. [Conclusion]  C. chilonis can effectively control C. suppressalis in the field, but the optimal density and methodology of releasing C. chilonis requires further investigation. Although C. suppressalis were parasitized by C. chilonis where the later were released, all seven insecticides tested significantly reduced the proportion of C. suppressalis that were parasitized, indicating that the use of these pesticides is incompatible with the release of C. chilonis as a biological control. The control of C. suppressalis should consider not only the pesticide dosages required to control this pest, but also potential pesticide damage to its natural enemies and the environment as a whole. The results of this experiment provide both a theoretical and practical basis for the subsequent establishment of a more environmentally-friendly strategy for controlling C. suppressalis based on the use of C. chilonis as a biological control.