河南省草地贪夜蛾迁入路径及虫源地分析
Tracking the migration path and source areas of the fall armyworm in Henan
孙旭军 张国彦 刘 一 王新媛 胥付生 杜桂枝 冯贺奎 耿丰华 张秋红 胡 高 翟保平
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2021.059
作者单位：南京农业大学植物保护学院，南京 210095；河南省植物保护植物检疫站，郑州 450002；漯河市郾城区植 保植检站，漯河 462000；周口市淮阳区植保植检站，淮阳 466700；驻马店市平舆县植保植检站，平舆 463400； 南阳市镇平县植保植检站，镇平 474200；许昌市长葛市植保植检站，长葛 461500
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；轨迹分析；迁入路径；虫源地
英文关键词：Spodoptera frugiperda; trajectory analysis; migratory routes; source areas of immigrants
中文摘要：
【目的】 明确草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda（J. E. Smith）迁入河南的路径和虫源地，为河南草地贪夜蛾的异地预测提供基础信息。【方法】 根据2019和2020年河南省88个监测点的草地贪夜蛾高空灯诱蛾数据，借助基于WRF模式的昆虫轨迹分析方法，阐释河南草地贪夜蛾的迁入路径和虫源地。【结果】 草地贪夜蛾经东、西两条迁飞路线迁入河南。东线主要从广东和江南丘陵区迁入河南，主迁入期在6-8月，8-9月也会有少量来自安徽、江苏的虫群迁入；西线为主要虫源区，从云贵高原经西南山地玉米种植区（包括川东、重庆、桂西、湘西、鄂西山地和陕南山地）迁入到河南中西部，最早4月就有源自广西的成虫迁入，主迁入峰集中在7-8月。特定天气系统和天气过程影响草地贪夜蛾迁入期的年际变化，2020年河南省草地贪夜蛾迁入峰期推迟，是因为当年6月中下旬江南长时间、大范围降水对迁出种群的阻滞作用。【结论】 河南草地贪夜蛾的异地预测可用3月份广西、云南和4-5月份重庆、贵州、湖南的田间虫量作为迁入量的预测因子，用5-6月份湖南、湖北的发蛾期和6月份的降水作为迁入期的预测因子。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To clarify the immigration pattern and source
population of the fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera
frugiperda) in Henan province, and provide basic information for the
allopatric forecasting of FAW. [Methods] Migration routes of FAW
were tracked by trajectory analysis using the WRF4.0 (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) and source areas of immigrants analyzed based on searchlight trap
catches at 88 monitoring stations in Henan province in 2019 and 2020. [Results] Immigrants fly north along
two paths; east and west. The eastern route mainly runs from Guangdong and
south of Yangtze River provinces from June to August, with a few immigrants
from Anhui and Jiangsu from August to September. The western route is the main
source of populations invading Henan province. These depart from the
southwestern, mountainous, corn belt, including the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,
eastern Sichuan, Chongqing, western Guangxi, western Hunan and Hubei and
southern Shaanxi, and fly 1-3 nights to arrive in central and western Henan in
July and August. Weather can cause annual fluctuations in the timing of
immigration of the FAW to Henan Province. A case study revealed that long-term
and heavy precipitation south of the Yangtze River during mid-to-late June 2020
retarded the takeoff of source populations in southern China, postponing the
arrival of immigrants in Henan. [Conclusion] The density of field
populations of FAW in Guangxi and Yunnan in March, and in Chongqing, Guizhou
and Hunan in April and May, can be used to predict the number of immigrants
that will arrive in Henan. The emergence period in Hunan and Hubei during May
and June, and the rainfall in June, are also predictive factors for the arrival
of FAW in Henan province.