蓝光对保护地蔬菜烟粉虱的控制作用
Effectiveness of blue light as a method of protecting greenhouse vegetables from damage by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)
陈向荣 韩杜斌 吴晓霞 赵 明 郑佳寅 陈学好 周福才
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2021.117
作者单位：扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院，扬州 225009；扬州大学生物科学与技术学院，扬州 225009
中文关键词：保护地蔬菜；蓝光；烟粉虱；控制作用
英文关键词：greenhouse vegetables; blue light; Bemisia tabaci; control effect
中文摘要：
【目的】 研究蓝光开灯时段、蓝光光强对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) 的驱避作用，以及蓝光照射对保护地辣椒和黄瓜上烟粉虱的控制作用，为利用驱虫灯实施对蔬菜烟粉虱的绿色防控提供科学依据。【方法】 在蔬菜上用蓝光（波长为470 nm）照射，设置照射时间段17:00-18:00、18:00-19:00、19:00-20:00、20:00-21:00和21:00-22:00 5个处理、光照强度1、2、6、8、10、20、30、70、150 lx 9个处理，分别研究不同开灯时段和光强对烟粉虱的驱避作用，以不用蓝光处理为对照；分别在保护地黄瓜和辣椒上放置蓝色灯带，每天18:00-20:00开灯，每3 d一次，分别调查黄瓜和辣椒上烟粉虱的虫量。【结果】 18:00-19:00时间段蓝光照射对蔬菜烟粉虱的驱避作用最强，虫口减退率占试验总时段的50.94%；17:00-18:00次之，占22.29%；烟粉虱的虫口减退率与光照强度呈正相关（P<0.05），其回归方程为y =
3.029 7
x + 12.508 （
R² = 0.981）。蓝光对保护地辣椒和黄瓜上烟粉虱有较好的驱避作用，辣椒上蓝光处理10 d后烟粉虱的虫口减退率达到85.73%，上部叶片和中部叶片上虫口减退率之间没有显著差异（
P>0.05)；蓝光处理黄瓜12 d后烟粉虱的虫口减退率达90.33%，在光照的前期上部叶片的虫口减退率高于中部叶片，处理9 d后上部叶片和中部叶片上虫口减退率之间没有显著差异（
P>0.05）。
【结论】 蓝光对蔬菜烟粉虱具有较强的驱避作用，在18:00-19:00使用蓝光对保护地蔬菜上的烟粉虱的控制效果较好。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To determine the relative effectiveness of different blue light intensities
and exposure periods for protecting peppers and cucumbers from damage by Bemisia
tabaci, and thereby provide a scientific basis for the development of
insect repellent lamps. [Methods] The effects of different intensities (1, 2, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 70 and 150
lx) of blue light (470 nm) on a B. tabaci population were investigated
at different times of day (17:00-18:00, 18:00-19:00, 19:00-20:00, 20:00-21:00
and 21:00-22:00). The number of B. tabaci on cucumber and pepper plants
were measured once every 3 days with blue lights turned on from 18:00 to 20:00
every day. [Results] Exposure to blue light between
17:00 and 22:00 had a significant effect on B. tabaci numbers. The
strongest repellent effect (a 50.94% reduction) occurred during the time window
from 18:00 to 19:00, followed by the time window from 17:00-18:00 (22.29%
reduction). Linear regression indicated a positive relationship between the rate
of decline in the B. tabaci population and light intensity (P<0.05), which approximated
the fomula: y = 3.029 7x + 12.508 (R² = 0.981). The rate
of decline of B. tabaci on peppers reached 85.73% after 10 days of
exposure to blue light with no significant difference between the upper and
middle leaves (P>0.05). Twelve days exposure of cucumber plants to blue light resulted in a
90.33% decline in B. tabaci numbers. There was a greater decline in B.
tabaci numbers on upper than on middle leaves during the early stage of
light treatment, but no significant difference after 9 days (P>0.05). [Conclusion] Blue light is
strongly repellent to B. tabaci and can be used to reduce the abundance
of this pest on vegetable crops.