不同密度黑尾叶蝉取食不同时长后水稻生理生化指标的响应
Biochemical and physiological response of rice plants induced by the feeding of Nephotettix cincticeps
赵文华；杨光梅；刘雨芳
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2022.110
作者单位：湖南科技大学生命科学与健康学院，湘潭 411201；湖南科技大学生命科学与健康学院，湘潭 411201
中文关键词：黑尾叶蝉；取食胁迫；叶绿素；总蛋白；防御蛋白酶
英文关键词：Nephotettix cincticeps; feeding stress; chlorophyll; total protein; defense protease
中文摘要：
【目的】 探索不同密度黑尾叶蝉Nephotettix cincticeps取食不同时长后水稻Oryza
sativa L.重要生理生化指标的变化。【方法】 设置黑尾叶蝉密度为0（对照）、2、4和8头/株4个处理，分别取食6、24、48和96 h后，检测水稻叶绿素（Chlorophyll，Chl）与总蛋白（Total protein，TP）含量，比较不同取食时间后，水稻脂氧合酶（Lipoxygenase，LOX）、总超氧化物歧化酶（Total superoxide dismutase，T-SOD）、过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）和多酚氧化酶（Polyphenol oxidase，PPO）活性。【结果】 不同密度的黑尾叶蝉取食不同时长的水稻后，均极显著地降低水稻叶片的叶绿素含量（P˂0.01）；取食6 h后，水稻叶片的蛋白质含量升高，且随着取食时间的延长，蛋白质含量显著降低（P˂0.05）。不同密度的黑尾叶蝉取食后，总体趋势是显著降低水稻LOX活性，但密度为2头/株的黑尾叶蝉取食6 h后，引起水稻LOX活性升高。不同密度的黑尾叶蝉取食24 h，均引起水稻PPO活性显著升高（P˂0.05）。水稻T-SOD活性随着黑尾叶蝉取食胁迫时间呈现动态变化，且与密度有关。不同密度的黑尾叶蝉取食刺激，导致水稻POD活性升高，黑尾叶蝉密度越高，POD活性升高越快，且密度为2头/株和4头/株的黑尾叶蝉取食96 h后，水稻POD活性极显著升高（P˂0.01）。【结论】 不同密度的黑尾叶蝉取食不同时长，均引起水稻产生明显的生理生化响应，表现为水稻Chl含量及LOX、PPO、T-SOD和POD酶活性的明显变化。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To explore the physiological and biochemical responses of rice to the
feeding activity of the green rice leafhopper
(GRL), Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler) (Hemiptera:
Cicadellidae). [Methods] Physiological and biochemical indices of
rice plants were measured at three GRL densities (2, 4, and 8 GRLs per plant). Rice Chl and TP
content, LOX, T-SOD, POD and PPO activities were measured after GRLs had fed on
plants for 6, 24, 48 and 96 h. The control group was comprised of GRL-free plants. [Results] Chl content of all three density
treatments was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). TP content increased after 6 hours of feeding,
then significantly decreased as the duration of feeding increased (P<0.05). LOX activity in the 2 GRLs per plant treatment
group significantly increased after 6 hours of feeding (P<0.05), then significantly decreased as the duration
of feeding increased. PPO activity significantly increased after 24 hours of
feeding in all three density treatment groups (P<0.05). T-SOD activity changed dynamically with the
duration of feeding and GRL density. POD activity increased earlier at higher
GRL densities; POD activity of the 2 and 4 GRLs per plant treatment groups was
significantly higher than that of the control after 96 hours (P<0.051). [Conclusion] Significant physiological and biochemical
responses, including changes in Chl content, and in LOX, PPO, T-SOD and POD
activity, were induced in rice plants by the feeding activity of N. cincticeps. These responses varied
with GRL density and the duration of feeding time.