【目的】 同时对比效应是指生物对靶标的视知觉会受到其视场中与靶标共存的其他颜色影响的现象。与研究纯色视觉靶标或单波长光线对昆虫视觉的影响相比，研究昆虫视觉同时对比效应具有更强的生态学关联性，将有助于优化害虫色板诱捕器的设计。【方法】 通过室内生物测定和野外诱捕试验研究有翅桃蚜Myzus persicae在趋向和回避不同颜色组合图案时的同时对比效应。【结果】 室内测试结果发现，背景颜色和圆斑颜色存在显著交互效应。在8种饱和度最高的颜色组成的64种图案中，有翅桃蚜最偏好的颜色是黄色和绿色，无论搭配何种其他颜色的圆斑均会造成引诱力的显著下降，即使黄色和绿色组成的图案也是如此。相反，驱避力最强的是红色背景+黑色圆斑形成的图案，该图案和常见瓢虫鞘翅的图案最相似。进一步采用配对测试法检验了黑色和红色之间的同时对比效应，发现黑色背景+红色圆斑的图案对有翅桃蚜也有显著驱避作用（黑色背景+红色圆斑 vs. 纯红色：t₉=13.18，P˂0.000 1；黑色背景+红色圆斑 vs. 纯黑色：t₉=2.14，P=0.061 3），但显著弱于类似瓢虫鞘翅的图案（t₉=3.97，P=0.003 3）。采用正交设计获得了驱避性图案的最优参数组合：背景红度=192，圆斑灰度=0，圆斑直径≤2 mm。大田诱捕试验发现，红色背景和黑色圆斑搭配造成的同时对比效应会发生在引诱力相对较弱的绿色粘胶板上，不会发生在引诱力相对较强的黄色粘胶板上。【结论】 有翅桃蚜存在视觉同时对比效应。在供试的64种图案中，引诱力最强的颜色是纯黄色，其次是纯绿色，二者分别作为背景和斑点组成的杂化图案引诱力会显著下降。类似瓢虫鞘翅的图案对有翅桃蚜有最强驱避作用，但大田条件下只有在绿色背景上这种驱避作用才会表现出来。

[Objectives]  Simultaneous color contrast is a phenomenon which describes how the visual perception of a colored target can be affected by the other colors or patterns. The study of simultaneous color contrast in insects has stronger ecological relevance than studies using plain colored targets or mono-wavelength light as test stimuli, and will contribute to the optimization of colored boards for trapping insect pests. [Methods]  Laboratory bioassays and field trapping experiments were used to investigate simultaneous color contrast in alate Myzus persicae by recording if these were attracted to, or repelled by, combinations of different colors. [Results]  The interaction between background and target color was extremely significant. Among the 64 patterns prepared using eight saturated colors, the most preferred were saturated yellow (R=G=255, B=0) and saturated green (R=B=0, G=255). The addition of any spots of another color on a yellow or green background significantly reduced their attractiveness relative to background color alone, even when the composite patterns combined yellow and green. Moreover, the most repellent pattern was a red background with black spots, which is similar to the pattern on the elytra of common lady beetles. A series of paired tests confirmed that this repellence was a true simultaneous color contrast effect. The pattern of a black background with red spots was also significantly repellent (black background + red spot vs plain red: t₉ = 13.18, P＜0.000 1; black background + red spot vs. plain black: t₉ = 2.14, P = 0.061 3), but less so than the pattern resembling lady beetle elytra (t₉ = 3.97, P = 0.003 3). The optimal parameters (background redness=192, spot gamma value = 0, spot diameter ≤ 2 mm) of the repellent pattern were determined using an orthogonal design experiment. The results of a field trapping experiment demonstrated that the simultaneous color contrast effect of a red background and black spots was significant when the patterns were added to a less attractive green board, but not so when the patterns were added to a highly attractive yellow board. [Conclusion]  The color preferences of alate M. persicae are affected by simultaneous color contrasts. The most attractive color was plain, solid yellow, followed by plain, solid green. Composite patterns of these two colors were significantly less attractive than the corresponding plain colors. The most repellant color pattern resembled the pattern on the elytra of common lady beetles. However, results of a field bioassay indicates that alates are only repelled by this pattern when it is on a green background.