谷蠹幼虫和成虫体内微生物多样性差异分析
Differences in microbial diversity between larval and adult Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrycidae)
陈彤彤，薛丁榕，吕建华，夏丽媛，伍 祎
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2023.022
作者单位：国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院，粮食储运国家工程研究中心，北京 100037
中文关键词：谷蠹；微生物；多样性；幼虫；成虫；高通量测序
英文关键词：Rhyzopertha dominica; microorganisms; diversity; larva; adult; high-throughput sequencing
中文摘要：
【目的】 探究重要储粮害虫谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica（Fabricius）幼虫和成虫体内微生物群落组成及多样性。【方法】 利用Illumina NovaSeq高通量测序技术对谷蠹体内细菌16S rDNA 的V3-V4变异区和真菌ITS的ITS1区进行高通量测序分析。【结果】 从谷蠹幼虫和成虫样本中分别得到细菌16S rDNA基因序列有效数据为256 551条和249 101条，分别聚类到214个OTUs和251个OTUs；幼虫和成虫体内真菌ITS有效数据分别为196 246条和109 184条，分别聚类到547个OTUs和963个OTUs。谷蠹体内细菌优势菌属是Flavobacteriales endosymbiont of Rhyzopertha dominica（FERD），在幼虫和成虫中占比分别为63.77%和88.28%。谷蠹体内丰度最高的真菌是链格孢属Alternaria，在幼虫和成虫中占比分别为44.62%和7.10%。Alpha多样性分析结果显示，幼虫和成虫体内微生物多样性指数存在显著差异，但丰富度指数无显著差异。Beta多样性分析结果显示，谷蠹体内微生物群落在幼虫和成虫之间存在显著差异。【结论】 谷蠹幼虫和成虫体内微生物群落组成存在显著差异，幼虫体内细菌多样性高于成虫，真菌多样性低于成虫。研究结果为“抑菌治虫”的储粮害虫生物防控新技术开发奠定基础，也为揭示共生菌与谷蠹环境适应性研究奠定基础。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To investigate the microbial composition of larvae and adults of the important stored grain pest Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius). [Methods] The Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to sequence the V3-V4 fragment of the bacterial 16S rDNA gene and the ITS1 fragment of the fungal ITS gene in larvae and adults of R. dominica. [Results] Valid reads of 16S rDNA from larvae and adults were 256 551 and 249 101, which were clustered to 214 and 251 OTUs, respectively. Valid ITS reads from larvae and adults were 196 246 and 109 184, which were clustered to 547 and 963 OTUs, respectively. The Flavobacteriales endosymbiont of R. dominica (FERD) was the dominant bacterial genus in R. dominica, comprising for 63.77% of the larval, and 88.28% of the adult, microbiome, respectively. Alternaria was the most abundant fungus, comprising for 44.62% of the larval, and 7.10% of the adult, microbiome, respectively. Alpha diversity analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the microbial diversity index of larvae and adults, but no significant difference in the richness index. Beta diversity analysis indicates that there is a significant difference between the larval and adult microbiome. [Conclusion] There are significant differences between the microbiomes of larval and adult R. dominica. Larvae had higher bacterial diversity, but lower fungal diversity, than adults. This study lays a foundation for the development of novel control technologies for stored grain pests based on “inhibiting microorganisms to control pests”, and research on the environmental adaptability of symbionts in R. dominica.