【目的】 研究食蚜瘿蚊在滞育不同时期的主要生化物质变化规律，有助于了解其代谢特点，为深入研究其滞育生理机制提供参考。【方法】 本研究测定并比较了食蚜瘿蚊Aphidoletes aphidimyza 非滞育个体以及滞育诱导期老熟幼虫、滞育维持期预蛹和滞育解除后成虫的鲜重、总蛋白质、总糖、糖原、海藻糖和甘油的含量。【结果】 （1）滞育诱导期老熟幼虫的鲜重和生化物质含量均显著高于非滞育个体。（2）随着滞育预蛹发育，海藻糖和甘油含量呈明显增高趋势，滞育60 d预蛹海藻糖和甘油含量分别是非滞育预蛹的1.80倍和1.73倍。（3）滞育解除后成虫的鲜重和海藻糖、甘油含量显著高于非滞育成虫，而糖原含量低于非滞育成虫。（4）随着滞育食蚜瘿蚊发育，总糖、糖原含量呈下降趋势，总蛋白质含量由滞育诱导期至滞育维持期逐渐下降，滞育解除后又升高，而海藻糖和甘油含量呈现先升高后降低趋势。【结论】 研究表明，食蚜瘿蚊在滞育期间积累海藻糖和甘油，有助于提高抗逆性，满足其滞育期间能量需求，渡过不良环境。

[Objectives]  To investigate changes in key biochemical substances during different stages of the diapause of Aphidoletes aphidimyza in order to better understand the metabolic characteristics of this species and physiological mechanism regulating diapause in insects in general. [Methods]  The amount of key metabolites (total protein, total carbohydrates, glycogen, trehalose and glycerin) and fresh body weight, were measured in non-diapausing, diapausing and post-diapausing A. aphidimyza (diapause induced mature larvae, diapausing prepupae and post-diapause adults). [Results]  (1) The fresh weight and amount of biochemical substances in diapause induced mature larvae were significantly higher than those in non-diapausing individuals. (2) Trehalose and glycerol significantly increased in diapausing prepupae; in 60 day-old diapausing prepupae these were 1.80 times and 1.73 times, respectively, the levels of these substances in non-diapausing prepupae. (3) The fresh weight, and trehalose and glycerin levels of post-diapause adults were significantly higher in those of non-diapausing adults, whereas the opposite was true for glycogen levels. (4) Total carbohydrate and glycogen levels gradually decreased with diapause stage, from diapause-induced mature larvae to post-diapause adults. Total protein content fluctuated, declining from diapause-induced mature larvae to the anaphase of diapausing prepupae, before rising in post-diapause adults. The opposite trend was observed for trehalose and glycerin. [Conclusion] These results indicate that diapausing prepupae accumulate trehalose and glycerin to meet the energy requirements of diapause, and to protect them from environmental stress.