【目的】 白蛾黑棒啮小蜂Tetrastichus septentrionalis是防治美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea的重要寄生性天敌。明确白蛾黑棒啮小蜂生殖力及替代寄主的繁殖效果，可为指导室内人工继代繁育该蜂提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】 通过解剖白蛾黑棒啮小蜂雌成蜂生殖系统，研究其生殖力，采用寄生成功率等指标测定了美国白蛾蛹、柞蚕蛹Antherea pernyi、黄粉甲蛹Tenebrio molitor和大麦虫蛹Zophobas atratus的最适接蜂量，并通过测定白蛾黑棒啮小蜂的寄生成功率、羽化率、每克蛹出蜂量和雌雄性比4项指标比较4种寄主蛹的繁蜂效果。【结果】 白蛾黑棒啮小蜂雌性成蜂生殖系统包括1对卵巢、1对侧输卵管、1个中输卵管、1个附腺、1个受精囊、1个杜氏腺、1个毒囊以及其上的1个毒腺。每侧卵巢的卵巢管数量为10-12根，各卵巢管中所含的卵粒数为3-8粒。理论上每头雌蜂卵巢中卵粒的最大数量可达192粒，但从实际解剖结果来看，最大怀卵量为145粒，每头雌成虫平均含卵粒数为106粒；综合寄生成功率、平均发育历期、每个寄主蛹的平均后代数量、后代雌雄性比和后代雌雄蜂体长5个指标，确定供试繁育白蛾黑棒啮小蜂的4种寄主蛹的最适蜂蛹比分别为：美国白蛾蛹为3︰1、柞蚕蛹为100︰1、黄粉甲蛹为3︰1、大麦虫蛹为20︰1；人工繁育5代后黄粉甲蛹和美国白蛾蛹寄生成功率显著高于柞蚕蛹和大麦虫蛹，其中以黄粉甲蛹的寄生成功率最高（98.27%）；黄粉甲蛹、美国白蛾蛹和柞蚕蛹的羽化率均大于97%，其中以黄粉甲蛹最高（98.26%）；每克蛹出蜂量柞蚕蛹最高（1 333头），大麦虫蛹最低（217头）；雌雄性比柞蚕蛹最高（7.65︰1），黄粉甲蛹其次（6.64︰1），大麦虫蛹最低（4.69︰1）。【结论】 根据寄生成功率、羽化率、每克蛹出蜂量和雌雄性比4项指标的测定结果，4种供试的寄主蛹都可供白蛾黑棒啮小蜂完成继代繁育，除大麦虫蛹外，其他3种蛹各有优势，均具有较好的繁育效果，可根据科学研究或规模化生产的不同需求以及获得寄主蛹的难易程度和成本来选择进行继代繁育。

[Objectives]  To improve the captive breeding of the wasp Tetrastichus septentrionalis, an important parasitic, biological control of Hyphantria cunea, by identifying the best hosts for the captive propagation of this species. [Methods]  The structure of the reproductive system and fecundity of adult female T. septentrionalis were studied by dissection. The effects of four different host species; H. cunea, Antherea pernyi, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus on the parasitism rate, eclosion rate, number of progeny per gram of host pupa, sex ratio and offspring body size of T. septentrionalis, were compared. [Results]  The female reproductive system consists of a pair of symmetrical ovaries, a pair of lateral oviducts, a common oviduct, an accessory gland, a spermatheca, a Dufour gland, venom reservoir and a venom glands. There are 10-12 ovarian tubes per female, and the number of eggs contained in each ovariole ranged from 3 to 8. Theoretically, the maximum number of eggs in each female ovary could reach 192 (there are 12 ovarioles in both the left and right ovaries and the number of eggs in each was 8). However, the maximum number of eggs actually observed was 145, and the mean number of eggs per female was 106. The optimal parasitoid-host ratios for T. septentrionalis were: 3︰1 for H. cunea, 100︰1 for A. pernyi pupae, 3︰1 for T.molitor pupae and 20 ︰1 for Z. atratus. The parasitism rate of T. molitor pupae and H. cunea pupae was significantly higher than that of A. pernyi and Z. atratus pupae. After five captive-bred generations, the highest parasitism rate (98.27%) was recorded in T. molitor pupae. The emergence rate of T. septentrionalis from T. molitor, H. cunea and A. pernyi pupae was > 97%. The highest T. septentrionalis emergence rate (98.26%) was also recorded in T. molitor pupae. The number of female wasps per gram of pupa was highest for A. pernyi (1 333), followed by T. molitor (781), and lowest for Z. atratus (217). The female: male sex ratio of T. septentrionalis was highest for T. molitor (7.65︰1), followed by Z. atratus (6.64︰1), and lowest for Z. atratus (4.69︰1). [Conclusion]  Although T. septentrionalis can successfully parasitize all four species of host pupae, Z. atratus pupae were significantly less suitable than those of the other three species. Host pupae should be chosen according to the demands of scientific research, the scale of production, and cost.