2019-2021年河南省草地贪夜蛾监测方法与发生特点分析
An analysis of monitoring methods and occurrence patterns of Spodoptera frugiperda in Henan in 2019-2021
黄建荣，徐永伟，李国平，胡 高，翟保平，崔艮中，王 琳，刘 杰，王振营，张国彦，封洪强
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2023.099
作者单位：河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室，农业部华北南部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，河南省作物保护国际联合实验室， 河南省0号昆虫雷达野外观测研究站，河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所，郑州 450002
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；始发日；种群动态；发生规律
英文关键词：Spodoptera frugiperda; appearance date; population dynamics; occurrence regularity ?
中文摘要：
【目的】 明确河南省草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的发生特点与科学监测方法，提高本地草地贪夜蛾监测的精准度。【方法】 对2019-2021年河南省利用多种方法监测到的草地贪夜蛾数据进行综合分析。【结果】 2019-2021年均在田间查到幼虫为害之后，才监测到成虫。在各县采用的成虫监测方法中，以性信息素诱集法首次监测到成虫的次数最高，以探照灯诱集法诱捕到的成虫数量最多。2019年河南省内最早见虫的地区是豫南，之后依次为豫西南、豫西、豫中、豫东和豫北；2020和2021年最早见虫的地区均在豫西南，之后依次为豫南、豫中、豫东、豫西和豫北。豫南和豫西南地区7月份始见成虫并一直持续到10月中下旬，豫中、豫东和豫北地区8月中旬之后成虫量急剧增加，9月中旬出现成虫高峰期。在7月中旬之前，草地贪夜蛾在河南省的为害面积较小，8月份之后，为害面积明显增加，豫中、豫东和豫北地区的为害面积明显比豫南大。在新乡原阳地区抽样调查发现，草地贪夜蛾在晚播玉米上数量较大，常规夏播玉米上数量很少。【结论】 采用探照灯诱集法与性信息素诱集法相结合，重点调查晚播玉米田的监测方法，可有效提高草地贪夜蛾监测的敏感性和准确性。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To clarify monitoring methods and occurrence patterns of Spodoptera frugiperda in Henan province and thereby improve the precision of monitoring this important migratory pest. [Methods] Data on the fall armyworm obtained by various monitoring methods in Henan Province from 2019 to 2021 were comprehensively analyzed. [Results] Adults were always captured after larvae during the study period. Sex pheromone traps usually detected the first adult immigration into each region, searchlight trapping captured the most adults. In 2019, S. frugiperda were first detected in the south of Henan province, then in the southwest, west, middle, east and north. In 2020 and 2021, S. frugiperda were first detected in the southwest, then in the south, middle, east, west, and north. Adults first appeared in southern or southwestern Henan in July and were present until mid-to-late October. The number of adults in central, eastern and northern Henan increased sharply after mid-August, peaking in mid-September. Before mid-July, the range of the fall armyworm in Henan province was relatively small. However, it subsequently increased significantly after August. There was a high density of larvae on late-sown corn, but numbers were relatively small on conventional summer-sown corn in Yuanyang county, in Xinxiang city. [Conclusion] A combination of trapping using searchlights and sex pheromone lures, plus monitoring the abundance of larvae in late-sown corn fields, can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of monitoring S. frugiperda.