植保无人机喷施氯虫苯甲酰胺在玉米冠层中沉积分布及对草地贪夜蛾的防治效果
The effect of flight parameters and nozzle type on the efficacy of spraying chlorantraniliprole from an unmanned aerial vehicle to control Spodoptera frugiperda
王潇楠，王思威，雷春媚，刘艳萍，常 虹，肖 勇，李振宇
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2023.119
作者单位：广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室，广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室，广州 510640
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；植保无人机；氯虫苯甲酰胺；雾滴沉积分布；防治效果
英文关键词：Spodoptera frugiperda; UAV; chlorantraniliprole; droplet deposition; control efficacy
中文摘要：
【目的】 比较植保无人机不同飞行参数和喷头类型对作业质量和草地贪夜蛾 Spodoptera frugiperda田间防治效果的影响，为防控草地贪夜蛾提供科学依据。【方法】 采用植保无人机喷雾法，对小喇叭口期玉米施用200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂和1%飞防助剂“易滴滴-A”混合药剂，分析不同飞行参数和喷头类型对雾滴沉积、雾滴密度、雾滴覆盖率等参数的影响，以及药后3和7 d对玉米上草地贪夜蛾的虫口减退率和防治效果。【结果】 当飞行速度为4 m/s，高度为2.5 m，喷头型号为SX110015VS时，雾滴归一化平均沉积量最高，为0.47 μL/cm2；当无人机飞行速度为4 m/s，高度为1.5 m，喷头型号为SX11001VS时，雾滴密度平均值最高，为79.39个/cm2；当无人机飞行速度为5 m/s，高度为1.5 m，喷头型号为SX110015VS时，雾滴平均覆盖率最高，为9.35%。【结论】 飞行高度和飞行速度对植保无人机喷施农药雾滴在玉米冠层沉积量均有显著影响。当无人机飞行速度为4 m/s，飞行高度为2.5 m，喷头型号为SX110015VS时，雾滴沉积量最高且施药后3 d和7 d的校正防效均在85%以上。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To clarify the effects of different flight parameters and nozzle types of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on chlorantraniliprole droplet deposition, and the resultant the efficacy of Spodoptera frugiperda control. [Methods] A UAV was used to spray 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole suspension concentrate (SC) mixed with the spray adjuvant Yididi-A’on maize plants at the whorl stage. The effects of flight parameters and nozzle type on droplet deposition, droplet density and droplet coverage were analyzed. In addition, the effects of the above variables on the control of S. frugiperda were measured 3 and 7 days after treatment. [Results] Using a SX110015VS nozzle at a flight velocity of 4 m/s and at a flight height of 2.5 m above the maize canopy, the maximum, normalized, average droplet density was 0.47 μL/cm2. However, using a SX11001VS nozzle at a flight velocity of 4 m/s and a flight height of 1.5 m the maximum average droplet density was 79.39 m/cm2. Average droplet coverage was the highest using a SX110015VS nozzle at a flight velocity of 5 m/s at a flight height of 1.5 m. [Conclusion] Flight velocity and height significantly affected the deposition of pesticide droplets sprayed from a UAV over a maize canopy. Droplet deposition was best using a SX110015VS nozzle at flight velocities < 4 m/s at a flight height of 2.5 m. With this spraying regime, the corrected control effect was > 85% 3 and 7 days after application.