摘  要  植食性昆虫产卵作为生物诱导因子能刺激植物产生一定程度的诱导抗虫性，相对于取食危害，诱导抗性研究仍处于初级阶段，目前的研究成果主要集中在国外。为了促进该领域在国内的研究，本文主要从产卵诱导激发子、植物体的结构防御、化学防御、防御基因表达及间接防御等方面综述了昆虫产卵诱导植株产生抗性的各种防御机制，并对产卵诱导抗性未来的研究方向进行了探讨。作为诱导植物防卫反应的分子，认识和掌握激发子应是产卵诱导抗性研究的第一步。产卵诱导的结构防御主要通过改变植物细胞壁结构，另外使产卵部位产生赘生物或组织坏死以及超敏反应。化学防御通过诱导产卵植株产生趋避产卵的挥发物降低产卵植株或邻近植株的产卵量，并且通过受害植株叶片的营养物质和次生代谢物质含量的改变进而增加孵化幼虫的死亡率来提高防御能力。从分子层面上，产卵诱导了防御蛋白的合成和抗性基因的上调表达，对于相关的通路研究主要集中在JA、SA和乙烯等信号分子的转导途径上。生态或间接防御主要是借助植株间挥发物的释放来传递防御信息，通过利用和促进三级营养关系来保护植物。有较多研究报道了产卵诱导所产卵植株及邻近植株挥发物的改变，从而吸引捕食性和寄生性天敌来进行间接防御。目前对于产卵诱导抗性的研究仍多集中在理论层面上，开发应用于主要农林害虫防治实践的产品和技术还很少。利用植株的诱导抗性对虫害进行生态调控是未来害虫管理的研究方向，相关防御机制研究为其提供科学的理论依据。

Abstract  Oviposition by herbivorous insects can stimulate plants to produce a certain degree of resistance. Compared to research on resistance to insect feeding, research on oviposition resistance is still in its infancy in China and most results are from overseas. To promote domestic research in this field, this paper reviews various aspects of oviposition-induced plant resistance, including the elicitor, structural defense, chemical defense, defensive gene expression and indirect defense. The future direction of research on oviposition-induced resistance is also discussed. Identifying and understanding the elicitor mechanism should be the first step in research in this area. Structural defense occurs mainly through changes in the plant cell wall structure, growth of the oviposition site, tissue necrosis and hypersensitivity. Chemical defenses includes the production of volatiles that deter further egg deposition on a chosen plant or neighboring plants. It also includes changes in nutrients and secondary metabolites in the leaves of affected plants that increase larval mortality. At the molecular level, oviposition can induce the synthesis of defensive proteins and the up-regulation of genes associated with resistance. Studies of related pathways mainly focus on the transduction pathways of signal molecules, such as JA, SA and ethylene. Ecological or indirect defense is mainly induced by transmitting information via the release of volatiles between plants, thereby promoting a tertiary trophic relationship that protects plants in the same location. There has been a relatively large amount of research conducted on the release of volatile compounds by plants to attract natural enemies, such as predators and parasitic wasps for indirect defense. Currently, research on oviposition induced resistance is still mainly theoretical, and there are few products or techniques available for the control of agriculture or forestry pests. Induced plant resistance is, however, likely to be an important way of controlling pests in the future, and further research on plant defensive mechanisms is, therefore, essential to provide a theoretical basis for this.