草地贪夜蛾和东方粘虫幼虫在轨迹球上 对玉米常见挥发物的趋向反应比较
Attractiveness of common corn volatiles to Spodoptera frugiperda and Mythimna separata larvae
游秀峰，邢怀森，余明辉，刘晓光，赵 曼，郭线茹，原国辉，李为争
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2023.054
作者单位：河南农业大学植物保护学院
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；东方粘虫；轨迹球；玉米挥发物；主成分分析；趋向
英文关键词：Spodoptera frugiperda; Mythimna separata; locomotion compensator; corn volatiles; principle component analysis; attraction
中文摘要：
摘 要 【目的】 探讨外来入侵种草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda和本地种东方粘虫Mythimna separata由嗅觉信息激发的爬行反应差异。【方法】 采用轨迹球技术测定了草地贪夜蛾和东方粘虫的3龄幼虫对玉米广泛释放的11种气味物质的爬行反应参数（爬行速度、爬行轨迹长度、爬行位移、轨迹直线度、矢量角正弦、逆风定向位移和逆风轨迹直线度）。【结果】 主成分分析发现，原始记录到的7个爬行参数可以简化为2个主成分，就能够解释总方差的85.45%。其中，第一主成分和第二主成分的生物学意义分别是“活泼因子”和“定向因子”。整体上看，草地贪夜蛾幼虫的活泼因子得分低于东方粘虫幼虫。在11种供试化合物中，反-β-石竹烯和乙酸香叶酯分别是激活草地贪夜蛾和东方粘虫幼虫最有效的物质；但β-蒎烯和癸醛分别是二者定向因子得分最高的物质。【结论】 在所有供试的挥发物气流中，东方粘虫幼虫总是比草地贪夜蛾幼虫更活泼。就定向因子的种间比较来看，草地贪夜蛾幼虫对β-蒎烯和芳樟醇的嗅觉定向偏好性显著强于东方粘虫幼虫，而东方粘虫幼虫对乙酸顺-3-己烯酯的嗅觉定向偏好性显著强于草地贪夜蛾幼虫。
英文摘要：
Abstract [Objectives] To investigate differences in the olfactory-cues that attract larvae of an invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda, and a native species, Mythimna separata, on a locomotion compensator. [Methods] We recorded seven walking parameters (walking speed, track length, vector length, straightness, sine of the vector angle, upward length and upward straightness) of third instar larvae of both species to 11 volatiles commonly emitted from the leaves of different corn varieties. [Results] Principal component analysis indicates that the original seven walking parameters recorded by this system can be simplified to two principal components that explain 85.45% of the total cumulative variance. These principal components were respectively, “activity factor” and “attractivity factor”. Analysis of variance, and post hoc comparisons, indicate that activity factor scores of S. frugiperda larvae were always lower than those of M. separata, regardless of the volatiles tested. Among the 11 corn volatiles tested, (E)-β-carophyllene and geranyl acetate activated larvae the most, whereas β-pinene and decanal elicited the highest attractivity factor scores. [Conclusion] Larvae of M. separata always exhibited a more active response than those of S. frugiperda to the corn volatiles tested. Interspecific comparison of the attractivity factor score indicates that β-pinene and linalool are significantly more attractive to S. frugiperda larvae than M. separata larvae, whereas cis-3-hexenyl acetate is significantly more attractive to M. separata larvae than to S. frugiperda larvae.