摘  要  【目的】 研究山茱萸蛀果蛾Carposina coreana老熟幼虫的入土结茧习性，探讨不同土壤湿度和环境温度对其入土、结茧的影响，以期为全面了解山茱萸蛀果蛾老熟幼虫的越冬习性和种群预测，为其有效防控提供指导。【方法】 在室内条件下，设置不同土壤湿度（0%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%）和环境温度（5、10、15、20、25、30、35和40 ℃），观察并分析山茱萸蛀果蛾老熟幼虫的入土行为、入土时长、入土率、结茧率和结茧深度情况。【结果】 山茱萸蛀果蛾老熟幼虫自成熟果实中钻出后，会立即进入土中结茧室，并在茧室中以老熟幼虫的虫态越冬。幼虫进入土壤的虫道有扁“U”型、“V”型、“Y”型、倒“Y”型和竖直型5种类型。不同土壤含水量和环境温度对山茱萸蛀果蛾老熟幼虫的入土时长、入土率、结茧率和结茧深度的影响均具有显著差异（P<0.05）。幼虫在土壤湿度为0%和30%条件下均不入土，在10%条件下的入土时间最短，在10%、15%和20%条件下的入土率、结茧率均达100%。在环境温度为10-25 ℃条件下，幼虫的入土时长以10 ℃条件时最短，入土率和结茧率均接近于100%；当温度超过30 ℃时，幼虫入土变得极为迅速，但入土率和结茧率逐渐降低。幼虫在土壤中的结茧深度均随着土壤湿度和环境温度的升高而变浅，但均不超过10 cm深度土层。【结论】 在室内模拟条件下，山茱萸蛀果蛾老熟幼虫入土结茧的适宜土壤湿度和环境温度分别为10%-20%和10-25 ℃，过高或过低的土壤湿度和环境温度均会导致幼虫入土率和结茧率降低，甚至死亡。

Abstract  [Objectives]  To investigate how mature Carposina coreana larvae enter the soil and construct cocoons, and the effects of soil humidity and temperature on cocoon formation, in order to better understand the overwintering habits of this pest and predict its future population size. [Methods]  Mature C. coreana larvae were observed burrowing into soil and forming cocoons under laboratory conditions. Soil humidity and temperature were set at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 ℃, respectively, and the soil penetration and cocooning rates of the mature larvae were recorded and compared. [Results]  Mature C. coreana larvae overwinter in cocoons in soil. Entry tunnels differed in shape and could be categorized as either flat U-type, V-type, Y-type, inverted Y-type or vertical type. Temperature and soil humidity significantly affected the time required by larvae to burrow into soil, the penetration rate, the cocooning rate and cocoon depth. Larvae could not enter the soil at soil moisture levels of 0% or 30% and the penetration rate of larvae was lowest at 10% soil moisture. The highest penetration and cocooning rates (100%) were recorded at soil moistures of 10% and 15%. The fastest penetration, and the highest penetration and cocooning rates, were observed at temperatures in the range of 10-25 ℃. At temperatures > 30 ℃, larvae entered the soil relatively quickly, but the penetration rate and cocooning rate gradually decreased if the temperature continued to increase. The cocoon depth gradually decreased with increasing soil moisture and temperature, but cocoons were never less than 10 cm below the soil surface. [Conclusion]  Soil moisture in the range of 10%-20% and temperature in the range of 10-25 ℃ are suitable for burrowing and cocoon formation of C. coreana larvae. Too high, or too low, soil moisture and temperature reduced the soil penetration and cocooning rate larvae and could even cause death.