安庆褐飞虱近三个大发生年虫源和气候条件的比较分析
Comparison and analysis on the sources of brown planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens, and weather conditions in the three outbreak years in Anqing
肖满开1*；何木兰2；余夕辉2；徐进才3；方向群4；李明波5；吴彩玲6；陈春秋4；王 俊7
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作者单位：1安徽省安庆市植检植物保护站 安庆 246003； 2安徽省宿松县植物保护站 宿松 246501； 3望江县植物保护站 望江 246200；桐城市植物保护站 桐城 231400；5安徽省太湖县植物保护站 太湖 246400； 6安徽省潜山县植物保护站 潜山 246300； 7安庆市宜秀区植物保护站 安庆 246005
中文关键词：褐飞虱， 大发生， 虫源， 气候， 分析
英文关键词：brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, outbreak, source of insect, weather, analysis
中文摘要：比较并分析安庆市1997，2005年和2006年褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugehs (Stl)大发生的虫源、气候条件。1997年，迁入期偏早，初迁虫量大，到7月26日止，单灯累计诱量为1 228～8 698头；7、8月份气温比历史均值低0.2～1.3℃，导致单季稻上基数适温协同暴发型；再迁补充虫源峰次较多，但9月份气温比历史均值低1.0℃，抑制了双季晚稻褐飞虱发生。2005年，迁入期较早，但初迁虫量低，到7月26日止，单灯累计诱量为200～3?334头；7月中旬至8月份气温比历史均值低0.4～0.8℃，9月至10月中旬气温比历史均值高1.8～2.2℃，有利褐飞虱发生的气候条件长达3个月；同时，夏、秋季台风暴雨频繁，再迁补充虫源丰富，8月16日～9月25日每侯灯下≥1 000头的回迁峰次多达5个，分别比1997年和2006年多1个和2个，导致多代连续重发。2006年，迁入期早，6月底以前的早迁虫量分别是1997年和2005年同期的6.4倍和2.1倍，初迁虫量大，到7月26日止，单灯累计诱量为1?595～7?181头；虽然7、8月份气温比历史均值高1.0～2.0℃，但单季稻田间小气候适宜，构成单季稻基数暴发型；再迁补充虫源峰次较少，但8月底～9月初短期内大量集中迁入， 9月下旬至10月份气温异常偏高，高于历史均值1.5～3.0℃，引起晚稻持续重发。
英文摘要：The sources of brown planthoppers (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) and weather conditions in outbreak years in 1997, 2005 and 2006 in Anqing were compared and analysed. In 1997, a larger number of BPH immigrated earlier, 1 228～8 698 BPH were catched in a light trap by July 26. The temperature was 0.2～1.3℃ lower than the average temperature over the years (as a CK) from July to August, that was suited for the outbreak of BPH in singleharvest rice field. Although more BPH immigrated again, the temperature was lower for 1℃ than CK in September, inhibited the outbreak of BPH in late rice field. In 2005, the earlier immigration of BPH was less than 1997, .Single light trap catches of BPH were 200～3 334by July 26. The temperature was 0.4～0.8℃ lower than CK from the middle ten days of July to August, but 1.8～2.2℃ higher than CK from September to the middle ten days of October. So, during the whole rice developmental season, the temperature was suited for the BPH outbreak. At the same time, the typhoones occured more frequently in this summer and autumn, more and more BPH immigrated with the strong wind and storm, 5 BPH peaks were recorded in light trap (more than 1 000 BPHper light trap) from August 16 to September 25. In 2006, enormous earlier immigrations of BPH were seen before the end of June, that were 6.4 times and 2.1 times more than the immigrated population at the same time of 1997 and 2005. 1 595～7 181 BPH were catched in a light trap by July 26. Although the temperature was 1.0～2.0℃ higher than the CK from July to August ,the microclimate of the field of singleharvest rice suited for the outbreak of BPH. During the late August andearly September, huge late immigration occurred. And the temperature was 1.5～3.0℃ higher than CK from the last tendays of September to October., that caused the continued outbreak in the fields of singleharvst rice and late rice.