Bt棉花害虫综合治理研究前沿
Advance in insect pest management in Bt cotton worldwide
陆宴辉
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作者单位：中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室北京100193
中文关键词：Bt 棉花，害虫，种群演替，持续治理
英文关键词：Bt cotton，insect pests，pest status evolution，sustainable control
中文摘要： 自1996 年以来，全球Bt(Bacillus thuringiensis)棉花应用规模迅速增长，目前已占棉花种植总面积的60%
左右，主要种植国家包括美国、澳大利亚、中国、印度和巴基斯坦等。大量研究表明，Bt 棉花的大面积种植有效控制了多种靶标害虫的发生危害，从而大幅度减少了化学杀虫剂的使用量;化学杀虫剂的减少使用导致一些非靶标
害虫的发生危害明显加重。针对Bt 棉花生产中呈现出的害虫新问题，各国分别发展了由农业防治、生物防治、化
学防治等不同措施构成的防控技术体系。
英文摘要： Since 1996，Bt ( Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton has been increasing adopted worldwide，mainly including the United States，Australia，China，India and Pakistan，and the planting proportion of Bt cotton recently amounted to about 60% of the total area of all cotton crops． Vast studies indicate that widespread adoption of Bt cotton effectively suppressed the population of various target insect pests，and then lessened the amount of insecticide use in this crop; but less insecticide application also caused the outbreak of many non-target insect pests． In order to solve the new pest problem in Bt cotton，various measures of cultural control，biological control，chemical control and others have been developed and applied in the major Bt-cotton growing countries．