胭脂虫寄生前后梨果仙人掌挥发性物质的变化
Volatile changes of Opuntia ficus-indica Mill before and afterparasitizing by Dactylopius coccus Costa
张雯雯 郑 华 张 弘 陈晓鸣 郭元亨
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作者单位：中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所国家林业局资源昆虫培育与利用重点实验室昆明650224
中文关键词：胭脂虫，仙人掌，挥发物，全自动热脱附－ 气相色谱/质谱(ATD － GC /MS)
英文关键词： Dactylopius coccus，Opuntia ficus-indica，volatile，auto thermal-desorption gas chromatography /massspectrometry (ATD-GC /MS)
中文摘要： 为了研究胭脂虫Dactylopius coccus Costa 寄生前后梨果仙人掌(Opuntia ficus-indica Mill)挥发性物质的变
化，以动态顶空密闭循环吸附捕集法捕集胭脂虫寄生前后梨果仙人掌的挥发物，并运用全自动热脱附－ 气相色
谱/质谱(ATD-GC /MS)联用技术进行分析检测，用峰面积归一化法测定其相对含量。结果表明，无虫梨果仙人掌
的挥发物中共检测到8 种化合物，有虫的梨果仙人掌中共检测到9 种化合物，化合物的种类和含量都有一定的变
化;萜烯类是植食昆虫诱导的植物挥发性次生物质中的主要成分，本试验中，萜烯类在胭脂虫寄生前后的含量由
23. 12% 降为6. 98% 。在无虫仙人掌的挥发物中检测出苯甲醛，含量约占1. 73% ，有虫的仙人掌中则未检测到;同
样在有虫仙人掌挥发物中检出的其他物质如酯类(21. 15% )、醇类(1. 79% )和卤代芳烃类(1. 51% )物质在无虫仙
人掌植株中都未检测出。
英文摘要：Volatile components from Opuntia ficus-indica Mill parasitized by Dactylopius coccus Costa were closely and
circularly head-space sampled within adsorptive tubes，then analyzed by auto thermal-desorption gas chromatography /mass
spectrometry (ATD-GC /MS) ． Eight kinds of compounds were detected in the volatiles collected from unparasitized O．
ficus-indica ，and 9 kinds from those parasitized by D． coccus． The volatile components from parasitized and unparasitized
plants differed in variety and content． Terpenes are the major components in herbivore-induced plant volatiles． In this
experiment，terpenes reduced from 23. 12% to 6. 98% after parasitization by D． coccus． Benzaldehyde ( 1. 73% ) was
only detected in healthy plants while esters (21. 15% )，alcohols (1. 79% ) and aromatic hydrocarbons (1. 51% ) were
detected in parasitized plants．