椰心叶甲天敌垫跗螋的生物学研究
Biology of Chelisoches morio as an enemy of Brontispa longissima
吕宝乾1, 2,朱文静2, 3,金启安2,温海波2,彭正强2**,杜予州1**
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作者单位:1 扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院扬州225009;2中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所农业部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室儋州571737; 3海南大学环境与植物保护学院海口570228
中文关键词:垫跗螋,椰心叶甲,交配,抚育,取食
英文关键词:Chelisoches morio,Brontispa longissima,mating,breeding,feeding
中文摘要:垫跗螋Chelisoches morio(Fabricius)是入侵害虫椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima(Gestro)的一种本地天敌。为了了解垫跗螋的生物学习性和控害潜能,本文对垫跗螋的形态特征、生长发育、重要生物学习性以及对椰心叶甲的捕食选择性和捕食量进行了观察研究。垫跗螋雌成虫将产的卵堆积在一起,抱孵在体下,且不时用口器翻动重排卵,受到惊扰时会吃掉卵,甚至初孵的若虫。在室温条件下(20 ±2 )℃,以椰心叶甲2龄幼虫为食料,垫跗螋从卵至成虫的平均发育历期为(107.9 ±15.2)d;平均每头雌虫产卵量为(138.7 ±59.5 )粒;垫跗螋成虫对椰心叶甲2龄幼虫的日平均捕食量为(6.7 ±1.1)头。寄主龄期选择性实验表明,垫跗螋成虫和 4龄若虫喜欢取食椰心叶甲的 2龄幼虫 ;3龄和 2龄若虫喜欢取食椰心叶甲的 1龄幼虫。
英文摘要:Chelisoches morio(Fabricius)is a native natural enemy of Brontispa longissima (Gestro), which is an invasivepest in China. To understand the biology and feeding capacity ofC. morio,its morphology,development,breeding andfeeding were observed and evaluated. The female laid her eggs together,hatching them under its body and replacing eggswith it mouth.If females are disturbed they eat their eggs and nymphs. At (20 ±2)℃,development from eggs to adults took (107.9 ±15.2) days and each female laid (138.7 ±59.5)eggs on average. AdultC. morio consumed an average of (6.7 ±1.1) second instarB. longissimaevery day. Choice tests showed that adult and 4 th . morio prefered 2 nd . longissimainstarBinstarC,while 3 rd . morio prefered 1 st .longissima.instarBand 2 nd instarC