深圳市红火蚁婚飞规律研究
Nuptial flights of Solenopsis invicta in Shenzhen
陈晓琴1，江世宏1**，黄胜先1，2，孟子烨1，3，刘俊武1，岳东方1，4
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作者单位：1 深圳职业技术学院应用化学与生物技术学院深圳518055；2贵州大学昆虫研究所贵阳550025；3 华中农业大学昆虫资源研究所武汉430070； 4 河南农业大学植物检疫专业郑州450002
中文关键词：红火蚁，有翅蚁，婚飞
英文关键词： Solenopsis invicta，sexual alates，nuptial flights
中文摘要：本研究利用自制红火蚁 Solenopsis invicta Buren收集装置对红火蚁婚飞规律进行研究，结果表明:本试验过程中共观察到婚飞 273次，无论大、中、小蚁巢均有有翅蚁婚飞现象;共收集到有翅蚁 10 618头，雌雄比为 2. 1∶ 1;单次婚飞有翅蚁均为雌虫的有 167次，均为雄虫的有 25次，单次婚飞有翅蚁既有雌虫又有雄虫(雌虫 +雄虫)的共 81次;同一蚁巢可以发生多次婚飞，同一蚁巢不同次婚飞的有翅蚁性别比也会发生变化;除 2009年 11月和 2010年 2月未收集到有翅蚁，其余各月均可观察到有翅蚁婚飞，婚飞最高峰期为 2010年 4月和 5月，其次是 2009年 6—9月，婚飞次数和收集到的有翅蚁数量成明显的正向相关关系;8:30—15:00均有有翅蚁婚飞，而婚飞高峰期为 11:30—13:30，婚飞一般持续 30～150 min。婚飞一般发生在雨后晴天或相对低温后气温快速回升以后。
英文摘要：
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A study of the nuptial flights of Solenopsis invicta Buren was carried out using self-made collection equipment．A total of 273 nuptial flights were observed．Nuptial flights occurred regardless the size of nests． The ratio of female to male alates in 10 618 captured individuals was 2. 1∶ 1. 167 nuptial flights were observed from female nests compared to 25flights from male nests and 81 nuptial flights observed from nests that included both females and males． Nuptial flights may occur in the same nest more than once，the proportion of male and female alates may differ between different nuptial flights fromthe same nest． Nuptial flights were observed throughout the year except November 2009 and February 2010. Two peaks of the nuptial flights were observed in April 2010 and May 2010 and from June 2009 to September 2009. There wasa positive correlation between the time of nuptial flights and the number of captured alates． Nuptial flights took place from
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8:30 to15:00 with a peak from 11:30 to13:30. The duration of nuptial flights was 30－150 min． Nuptial flights generallytook place after rainy days or following a period of relatively low temperature