盐池荒漠草地拟步甲昆虫群落时间结构和动态
The time structure and population dynamics of the desert-steppedarkling beetle community in Yanchi，Ningxia，China
杨贵军 贺海明 王新谱
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作者单位：1． 宁夏大学生命科学学院银川750021; 2． 宁夏大学科学技术处银川750021;3． 宁夏大学农学院银川750021; 4． 宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建省部共建教育部重点实验室银川750021
中文关键词：拟步甲，荒漠草地，群落组成，时间动态
英文关键词：darkling beetles，desert steppe，community composition，seasonal dynamics
中文摘要：从2009 年3 月到10 月采用巴氏罐诱导法调查了宁夏盐池四墩子6 个不同生境中的拟步甲的群落组成以及时间动态，结果表明，本次调查共采集拟步甲昆虫5 431 只，计10 属20 种，个体数最多的是弯齿琵甲Blapsfemoralis femoralis Fischer-Waldheim 和克小鳖甲Microdera kraatzi kraatzi Reitter，分别占总数的47. 30% 和40. 66% ，不同季节的优势种类不同。从时间动态上看，拟步甲物种数和个体数成显著正相关( r = 0. 887，P = 0. 003)，表现为5 月和7—8 月2 个发生高峰期，且5 月最高。从整个景观来看，优势种克小鳖甲的盛发期在5 月和7 月，弯齿琵甲的盛发期在5 月和8 月，不同景观样地略有差异。物种-时间对应分析表明，拟步甲成虫发生可以分为春季发生型、春夏发生型、夏季发生型、夏秋发生型和全年发生型5 类。5 月拟步甲群落多样性和丰富度最高，不同月的拟步甲群落相似性可以聚为3 类，由于植被类型和干扰程度的差异，月间拟步甲群落相似性会有所差异。
英文摘要：The community composition and seasonal dynamics of darkling beetles in six zones of desert steppe in Sidunzi，Yanchi，Ningxia were investigated using pitfall trapping． A total of 5 431 darkling beetles were collected from 20 speciesand 10 genera． The dominant species were Blaps femoralis femoralis Fischer-Waldheim and Microdera kraatzi kraatziReitter which accounted for 47. 30% and 40. 66% of all beetles captured． Various dominant species had different seasonaltrends． The abundance of M． kraatzi kraatzi peaked in May and July，whereas that of B． femoralis femoralis peaked in Mayand August． There was little fluctuation in the abundance of dominant species between different sampling plots． Bio-plotsof seasonal variables and the number of darkling beetles individuals from detrended correspondence analysis suggests thatdarkling beetles can be divided into five types，i． e． ，spring，spring-summer，summer，summer-autumn and perennial．The species diversity and abundance index of darkling beetles was higher in May than in other months． Hierarchal clusteranalysis indicates that the darkling beetle community could be classified into three groups in different months，and that this
classification reflects vegetation type and degree of disturbance．