Wolbachia在熊蜂中的双重感染
Double infection with Wolbachia strains in three species of bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
李振宇1,2**,冯夏2,宋月2,沈佐锐1***,耿金虎3
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作者单位：1中国农业大学昆虫系北京100193；2广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所所广州510640；3北京市农林科学院北京100081
中文关键词： Wolbachia， 熊蜂属， 熊蜂， 双重感染， 16S rDNA
英文关键词：Wolbachia, Bombus, bumblebees, double infection, 16S rDNA
中文摘要： Wolbachia是一类广泛存在于节肢动物体内细胞质遗传的细菌，它可以通过诱导产雌孤雌生殖、引起细胞质不亲和、遗传雄性的雌性化、雄性致死和增强生殖力等作用方式引起其寄主生殖行为的改变。本文以16S rDNA为标记检测了3种熊蜂不同组织（头，胸，足，卵巢或雄外生殖器）的Wolbachia感染。其中明亮熊蜂Bombus lucorum和小峰熊蜂Bombus hypocrite是自然种，短舌熊蜂Bombus terrestris及其后代是实验室种。所检测的所有个体的不同组织中，除头部外，其余均发现不同组Wolbachia双重感染，感染率为100%。本研究首次报道熊蜂感染Wolbachia，同时也证明熊蜂的所有个体中存在不同组的Wolbachia双重感染现象。初步讨论了感染Wolbachia对熊蜂生殖行为和孤雌生殖的影响，推断Wolbachia可能是熊蜂种群生殖冲突和偏雌性性比的潜在原因。
英文摘要： Wolbachia is a group of maternally inherited intracellular bacteria that may manipulate the reproduction of their arthropod hosts through distinct mechanisms, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), thelytoky (T), feminization (F) or male killing (MK). Using 16S rDNA as a molecular marker, different body parts (heads, thorax, legs and genitalia) of three bumblebee species, including two native species (Bombus hypocrite and Bombus lucorum) and one labreared species (Bombus terrestris) were screened for Wolbachia. Infection with two Wolbachia strains (strain A and strain B) was found in all body parts except the head in all three species. This is the first evidence of infection with both Wolbachia strains A and B in social Hymenopteran insects and of Wolbachia infection in bumblebees. The effects of Wolbachia on the reproduction and sex ratio of bumblebees is briefly discussed, including the possibility that Wolbachia could be involved in bumblebees. It’s possible that Wolbachia could be a potential factor inducing reproductive conflict and a feminized sex-ratio in bumblebee colonies.