几种天牛幼虫外部形态结构与危害特性的适应关系
Adaptability of external morphological structures and harming habits of larvae in some cerambycid species
王莹，骆有庆，张燕如，任利利
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DOI：
作者单位：北京林业大学
中文关键词：天牛幼虫；形态结构；功能；习性
英文关键词：cerambycid larvae; morphological structures; function; habit
中文摘要：本研究在观察比较隶属3亚科16种天牛幼虫的外部形态特征的基础上，从结构与功能的角度，初步总结了天牛幼虫外部形态特征与危害特性的关系。结果表明：天牛亚科幼虫的上颚为圆凿型，沟胫天牛亚科和幽天牛亚科的幼虫上颚则为楔型。上颚圆凿型的天牛幼虫，外露上颚部分占头部面积比例值越小，上颚越发达；上颚楔型的天牛幼虫，外露上颚部分占头部面积比例值越大，上颚越发达。及时将粪屑排出蛀道外的幼虫之前胸背板、背腹部步泡突较发达，具有粗大的瘤突，气门相对面积比例较大；相反，不及时排出粪屑类的幼虫之前胸背板、背腹部泡突不发达，多具细皱纹，气门相对面积比例较小。
英文摘要：By observing and comparing the larval external morphological structures of 16 cerambycid species belong to 3 subfamilies of Cerambycidae, the adaptability of external morphological structures and harming habits is preliminarily summarized. The results show that the larvae of subfamily Cerambycinae had gouge-shaped mandible, and the larvae of subfamily Lamiinae and Aseminae had wedge-shaped mandible. For the larvae with gouge-shaped mandible, the smaller of the area ratio of its exerted-visible mandible to head, the stronger its mandible is. For the larvae with wedge-shaped mandible, the larger of the area ratio of its exerted-visible mandible to head, the stronger its mandible is. The pronotum and ambulatory ampullae in the larvae which timely discharged faeces and sawdusts are more developed, with tough and big verrucae, and the relative area of their spiracles are relatively larger. Contrarily, the promotum and the ambulatory ampullae in the larvae which did not timely discharged faeces and sawdusts are less developed, and they had fine wrinkles, and the relative area of their spiracles are relatively smaller.