家蝇作为饲料添加剂对清远良种鸡肉质和风味的影响
Effect of Musca domestica maggot and pupae as feed additives on the quality and flavor of Qingyuan chickens
常 斌1, 3**；韩日畴2***；曹 莉2；刘秀玲2；刘小芬2
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作者单位：1.中国科学院华南植物园 广州 510650; 2.广东省昆虫研究所 广州 510260;31 中国科学院研究生院 北京 100047
中文关键词：家蝇幼虫, 氨基酸含量, 肉质, 风味
英文关键词：Musca domestica maggot, amino acid, meat quality, flavor
中文摘要：测定蝇蛆和蝇蛹作为饲料添加剂对清远良种鸡肉质和风味的影响, 为家蝇Musca domestica L.作为添加饲料改善鸡的肉质和风味, 以及代替鱼粉成为新的蛋白质来源提供数据。150 只清远鸡雏鸡随机等分成5 组, 以鱼粉或商业饲料加入不同比例的家蝇幼虫或蝇蛹作为添加饲料加以饲养。结果显示,饲喂不同食料的清远鸡的增重、脾重和法氏囊重影响差异不显著, 但饲喂蝇蛆和蝇蛹的鸡群的死亡率明显低于仅饲喂鱼粉或商业饲料的鸡群; 饲喂蝇蛆或蝇蛹的鸡肉的系水力( 用失水率表示) 和风味评价明显提高, 氨基酸含量差异显著。说明家蝇幼虫作为动物蛋白可提高鸡的抗疾病能力及改善鸡肉风味。
英文摘要：To evaluate the effect of house fly Musca domestica L. maggots and pupae on the quality and flavor of Qingyuan chickens, and to provide new food instead of fish powder for chicken production, 150 chickens divided into five groups at random, were fed with different proportions of house fly larvae, pupae in commercial chicken diets. The chickens in the control were fed with fish powder or commercial chicken diets. The results indicated that therewere no significant differences in the weight of spleen and bursa of the chickens between those fed with house fly larvae, pupae, fish powder or commercial chicken diets. The mortality of the chickens fed with house fly larvae or pupae was significantly lower than those with fish powder and commercial chicken diets. The water loss in the chicken meat fed with the fly was also significantly lower than that fed with non- insect diets. When the chickens were fed with the house fly, the flavon of the chicken meat was greatly improved and the contents of amino acids in the chicken meat increased, especially of aspartate, threonine and serine, which are considered as an important indicator of the chicken flavon. These results showed that house fly larvae and pupae can be used as a useful diet for chicken production by improving the anti- disease capacity and the flavon of the chickens.