雌花期榕小蜂进入榕果的行为及其活动时间
Behavior and the time of being active of internal ovipositing fig wasps in female floral phase
侯堂云1，赵 焱1, 2， 彭艳琼1 ，杨大荣1**
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作者单位：1.中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 昆明 650223；2.中国科学院研究生院 北京 100049
中文关键词：榕树；榕小蜂；雌花期，榕小蜂生物学
英文关键词：ficus, fig wasps, female floral phase, biology
中文摘要：在西双版纳，钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂Eupristina sp.和杨氏榕树金小蜂Diaziella yangi均在雌花期进入钝叶榕果内繁殖和传粉，比较研究它们进入榕果的行为和活动时间。结果显示：在搜寻苞片处进蜂口时，2种榕小蜂的种内均出现打斗行为，并且杨氏榕树金小蜂的打斗更为激烈，但种间没有打斗行为发生，杨氏榕树金小蜂总是等待钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂先期进入榕果，然后才跟随着进入。在搜寻和进入苞片口通道阶段，钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂均比杨氏榕树金小蜂花费较长时间；而在果腔内产卵、传粉的时间，2种榕小蜂均最多不超过3 d。相似的进蜂过程和活动时间，可能是2种榕小蜂与寄主榕树长期协同进化的结果。
英文摘要：In Xishuangbanna, both Eupristina sp. and Diaziella yangi enter thefig of Ficus curtipes to reproduce offspring and pollinate the Ficus host. Their behaviors of visiting and entering the receptive fig were comparatively studied, and further their active time inside the fig was also investigated. The results showed that these two wasp species had intraspecific fighting behavior when they looked for the ostiole, and the fight of D. yangi was more drastic. However, there was no inter-specific fight between Eupristina sp. and D. yangi. In all cases the two wasps entered the figs on the same day, D. yangi entered the fig always later than Eupristina sp. When the wasps looked for and entered the ostiole, Eupristina sp. spent more minutes than D. yangi. Inside the fig, oviposition
and pollination period of Eupristina sp. and D. yangi were similar, which it was at most three days. Eupristina sp. and D. yangi showed some similar biological traits in the female floral phase, which is possibly resulted form long-term coevolution between the two wasps and Ficus host.