黑腹果蝇昼夜活动节律及行为时间分配
Circadian rhythms and diurnal time allocation in Drosophila melanogaster adults
肖春印，丛晓娜，刘小侠，张青文， 赵章武
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作者单位：中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院 北京 100193
中文关键词：黑腹果蝇；活动节律；活动时间分配
英文关键词：Drosophila melanogaster，daily activity rhythm，diurnal time budget
中文摘要：
采用试验室单管观察记录的方法，对3，4，5日龄野生型黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster Meigen w1118成虫每日活动节律进行研究。试验将果蝇活动划分为强活动(飞行和爬行)、弱活动(梳理、觅食等原地发生的运动)和静息(身体不发生移动的休息)3种类型。强活动和弱活动之和为总运动。研究结果显示，野生型黑腹果蝇w1118的昼夜活动表现为明显的双峰模态，晨峰和晚峰分别处于开、关灯前后；雌、雄果蝇总体活动无差异，关灯(18:30)前后雌蝇活动稍强于雄蝇，开灯(6:30)前后则相反；果蝇强活动的节律与总运动基本一致，而弱活动节律不明显；静息节律为单峰模式，其高峰期位于夜间1：00～5：00；雌蝇的静息活动显著多于雄蝇(P<0.05)。
英文摘要：The daily activity rhythms on 3th, 4th and 5th days old adults of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen wild strain w1118 were studied. The activity types of fruitfly consist of strong activity(flying and crawling), mild activity(in local site, such as feeding, grooming behavior) and resting(without body moving). Both strong activity and mild activity were included in whole locomotor activity. The results showed that the whole locomotor activity of D.melanogaster was in bimodal distribution with two peaks at the time around light on and off. There was no significant difference on whole activity between males and females. The activities of females were stronger than those of males around light off(18:30), but it was opposite around light on(6:30). The circadian rhythm of strong activity was consistent with whole locomotor activity, however the rhythm of mild activity was not obviously. Resting rhythm showed a single-modal, in which the peak was reached at 1:00～5:00. The duration of resting activity in females was much higher than males(P<0.05).