我国最早发现为害地草地贪夜蛾的入侵时间及其虫源分布
Immigration timing and origin of the first fall armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda) detected in China
陈 辉 杨学礼 谌爱东 李永川 王德海 刘 杰 胡 高
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.130
作者单位：南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫系, 南京 210095；云南省江城县植保植检站，江城 665900；云南省农业科学院 农业环境资源研究所，昆明 650205；云南省植保植检站，昆明 650034；全国农业技术推广与服务中心，北京 100125
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；虫源地；轨迹分析；入侵害虫
英文关键词：Spodoptera frugiperda; insect sources; trajectory analysis; invasive species
中文摘要：
【目的】 2018年12月26日本文作者在云南省江城县宝藏乡玉米田中发现不明夜蛾类幼虫为害，后经鉴定该虫为草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda，为我国首次发现草地贪夜蛾入侵为害。草地贪夜蛾将成为我国乃至亚洲东部地区的一种常发性迁飞性害虫，而云南是境外虫源进入我国的第一站，明确其入侵路径和来源，对我国未来草地贪夜蛾的监测、预警和防控有重要意义。【方法】 本文利用有效积温模型推算了草地贪夜蛾可能的迁入时间，借助气象资料和昆虫轨迹模拟方法分析草地贪夜蛾迁入时的天气背景场，并探究其潜在的虫源地分布。【结果】 草地贪夜蛾迁入江城的时间为11月21-23日，其虫源来自缅甸、泰国的交界区域。2018年11-12月云南南部区域盛行东南风且风速较弱，但11月19-22日期间出现的持续西南气流是草地贪夜蛾迁入我国的关键。【结论】 本研究明确了草地贪夜蛾入侵我国的最早时间及其虫源分布，为云南省乃至全国草地贪夜蛾监测预警和科学防控提供了一定的理论参考。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] Fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda) caterpillars were first detected in China a corn field in Baozang Township, Jiangcheng County, Yunnan Province on December 26, 2018. This study aims to clarify the timing of this invasion and the origin of these first fall armyworm colonists. [Methods] An effective accumulated temperature model was used to estimate the developmental period and time of migration of the first fall armyworm arrivals in China. Their potential origin was identified using a three-dimensional trajectory analytical approach, and the effect of weather conditions on their migration was also analyzed. [Results] The first fall armyworms to arrive in China probably migrated from the border with Myanmar and Thailand to Jiangcheng between 21 and 23 November, 2018. The weak southeasterly winds that prevailed in southern Yunnan in November and December 2018 were unsuitable for windborne migration, but a continuous southwest airflow between 19 and 22 November was conducive to migration from the border with Myanmar and Thailand to Jiangcheng. [Conclusion] The estimated invasion time and origin of the first fall armyworms detected in China can inform integrated pest management strategies for this emerging pest.