淡足侧沟茧蜂对草地贪夜蛾的寄生功能反应
Functional response of Microplitis pallidipes parasitizing Spodoptera frugiperda
王金彦 万年峰 范能能 蒋杰贤
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.135
作者单位：上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所，上海 201403；上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所，上海 201403；上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所，上海 201403；上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所，上海 201403
中文关键词：草地贪夜蛾；淡足侧沟茧蜂；功能反应；搜寻效应；干扰效应；温度
英文关键词：invading insect; Spodoptera frugiperda; functional response; searching effect; parasitic efficiency; temperature
中文摘要：
【目的】 评估淡足侧沟茧蜂Microplitis pallidipes对入侵昆虫草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的控制作用。【方法】 观察5个温度下淡足侧沟茧蜂对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生功能反应、搜寻效应和自身密度干扰反应。【结果】 在20、23、26、29和32 ℃条件下，淡足侧沟茧蜂对幼虫的寄生功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型方程；同一温度下，淡足侧沟茧蜂寄生量随寄主密度增加而增加，当寄主密度增加到一定水平后，寄生量趋于平稳；淡足侧沟茧蜂的寄生效能受温度影响，29 ℃的寄生效能最大，而20 ℃的最小；淡足侧沟茧蜂搜寻效应，随寄主密度和淡足侧沟茧蜂自身密度的增加而逐渐降低；Hessell-Varley干扰模型模拟发现，淡足侧沟茧蜂数量增加致使搜寻效应值减小、搜索效率降低。【结论】 温度影响淡足侧沟茧蜂对草地贪夜蛾的寄生作用，且该蜂个体之间的干扰效应降低了其寄生效能。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To evaluate the effectiveness of
parasitism by Microplitis pallidipes Szepligetion on Spodoptera
frugiperda (J. E. Smith) larvae. [Methods] We studied the functional response,
search rate and effect of intraspecific competition, on the parasitism rate of M.
pallidipes on S. frugiperda larvae at five different temperatures
(20, 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃), in a laboratory. [Results] The functional response
of M. pallidipeson fitted a Holling type II
model at all five temperatures. At the same temperature, the parasitism rate increased with host density
up to a certain level after which it tended to stabilize. The parasitic
efficiency of M. pallidipes was affected by temperature. The parasitic
efficiency (a/Th) was highest
at 29 ℃ and
lowest at 20 ℃. Search effectiveness gradually decreased with
increasing density of both the host species and M. pallidipe. Simulation
with the Hessell-varley model suggests that both search effect and search
efficiency decrease with increasing density of parasitic wasps. [Conclusion] Temperature affects parasitism by M.
pallidipes on S. frugiperda and intraspecific competition between M. pallidipes reduced the parasitism
rate.