【目的】 天蛾科昆虫多为重要的农林业害虫。此类昆虫的飞行能力与其分布和扩散范围有很大关系，目前天蛾科昆虫的飞行能力与翅型的关系尚需明确。【方法】 在温度（25±1）℃、相对湿度70%±1%、完全黑暗的条件下，采用26通道飞行磨系统，对丁香天蛾Psilogramma increta、构月天蛾Parum colligata、白须天蛾Kentrochrysalis sieversi、鹰翅天蛾Ambulyx ochracea、榆绿天蛾Callambulyx tatarinovi、葡萄缺角天蛾Acosmeryx naga、葡萄天蛾Ampelophaga rubiginosa和雀纹天蛾Theretra japonica 8种天蛾的野生种群成虫连续吊飞10 h，测定累计飞行距离、累计飞行时间及平均飞行速度等飞行参数，测量所有飞行样本的6个翅型参数，包括前翅长、前翅宽、前翅面积、后翅长、后翅宽和后翅面积，分析天蛾翅型与飞行能力的关系。【结果】 在8种天蛾中，构月天蛾平均累计飞行距离（4 450.88 m）和平均累计飞行时间（3 629.55 s）均最大，葡萄天蛾平均累计飞行距离（1 116.48 m）和平均累计飞行时间（1 156.85 s）均最小，葡萄缺角天蛾飞行最快，平均飞行速度达1.35 m/s，丁香天蛾飞行最慢，平均飞行速度为0.63 m/s；翅型最大的天蛾为丁香天蛾，雀纹天蛾、榆绿天蛾、鹰翅天蛾3种天蛾翅型相对较小，其中雀纹天蛾在前翅宽、前翅面积、后翅宽及后翅面积均为最小；榆绿天蛾前翅长最小；鹰翅天蛾后翅长最小的。采用逐步回归分析的方法，建立了天蛾累计飞行距离的多元一次回归方程：y=﹣12 610.8﹣724.50x₁+2 619.51x₂ + 1 090.7x₄﹣96.23x₆ （R²=0.998 0，F=383.765，P=0.000 2，x₁、x₂、x₄、x₆分别代表前翅长、前翅宽、后翅长和后翅面积）。【结论】 天蛾的飞行能力与翅型存在着密切关系，可利用翅型参数准确预测实验室条件下天蛾的累计飞行距离。

[Objectives]  To investigate the correlation between the wing shape and flight capacity of Sphingid moths, the larvae of which are important agricultural or forestry pests. [Methods]  The flight capacity of 8 Sphingid species; Psilogramma increta, Parum colligata, Kentrochrysalis sieversi, Ambulyx ochracea, Callambulyx tatarinovi, Acosmeryx naga, Ampelophaga rubiginosa and Theretra japonica, were investigated in a 26-channel flight-mill system over 10 hours in a complete darkness at a temperature of 25 ℃ and relative humidity of 70%. Three flight parameters; total flight distance (TFDi), total flight duration (TFDu), average flight speed (AFS) and 6 wing form parameters; forewing length (FL), forewing width (FW), forewing area (FA), hindwing length (HL), hindwing width (HW) and hindwing area (HA), were measured and compared. [Results]  P. colligata was the strongest flier with a TFDi of 4 450.88 m and a TFDu of 3 629.55 s; the highest values of these parameters among the 8 species. A. rubiginosa had the weakest flight capacity with TFDi and TFDu values of  1 116.48 m and 1 156.85 s, respectively. The fastest flier was A. naga with an AFS of 1.35 m/s whereas P. increta was the slowest was with an AFS of 0.63 m/s. P. increta had the highest values in all 6 wing form parameters whereas T. japonica had the smallest values in 4 wing-form parameters (FW, FA, HW and HA). C. tatarinovi and A. ochracea had the smallest FL and HL values, respectively. Using stepwise regression, the multivariate equation for total flight distance with 4 wing form parameters was y =﹣12 610.8﹣724.50x₁ + 2 619.51x₂ + 1 090.7x₄﹣96.23x₆ (R²=0.998 0，F=383.765，P=0.000 2，where x₁、x₂、x₄、and x₆, are FL, FW, HL and HA, respectively). [Conclusion]  The total flight distance of hawk moths can be predicted from some of their wing form parameters.