【目的】 明确不同草地类型对肃南草原区蝗虫物种多样性的影响，提高肃南县草原生态系统的可持续发展。【方法】 本研究于2020-2021年采用网捕法对肃南县高寒草甸、低地草甸、温性荒漠和温性草原4种草地的蝗虫群落结构进行调查研究，并对不同草地类型蝗虫特征指数、种群相似性、指示种等统计分析。【结果】 共捕获蝗虫标本1 054号，隶属于5科13属23种，其中优势种有4种，分别是鼓翅皱膝蝗Angaracris barabensis （13.09%）、红翅皱膝蝗Angaracris rhodopa（28.18%）、邱氏异爪蝗Euchorthippus cheui（11.95%）以及小翅雏蝗Chorthippus  fallax（10.34%）；常见种10种；稀有种9种。低地草甸丰富度指数显著高于其他样地，优势度指数由高至低依此为高寒草甸、低地草甸、温性草原和温性荒漠，多样性指数由高至低依次为温性草原、低地草甸、温性荒漠、高寒草甸，均匀度指数温性荒漠最高。亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus是温性草原的指示种，指示值为70.67%；宽须蚁蝗Myrmeleotettix palpalis是温性荒漠的指示种，指示值为71.64%。对不同草地类型蝗虫群落进行相似性比较，结果显示温性草原、高寒草甸、温性荒漠和低地草甸四种草原类型中的蝗虫群落互相之间均为中等不相似。【结论】 蝗虫群落组成、多样性以及指示种在不同草地类型间存在差异，植被变化和海拔差异是影响其分布的重要因素。

 [Objectives]  To clarify the impact of different grassland types on the diversity of grasshopper communities in the Sunan grassland area, improving the sustainable development of the grassland ecosystem in Sunan County. [Methods]   In this experiment, four species of alpine meadows, lowland meadows, temperate deserts and temperate grasslands in Sunan County were collected by net catching from 2020 to 2021. The grasshopper community structure of grassland was investigated and studied, and the statistical analysis of locust characteristic index, population similarity and indicator species of different grassland types was carried out. [Results]  1 054 locust specimens were captured in the experiment, belonging to 5 families, 13 genera and 23 species. Among them, there were 4 dominant species, namely Angaracris barabensis (13.09%) and Angaracris rhodopa (28.18%). Euchorthippus cheui (11.95%) and Chorthippus fallax (10.34%). Otherwise there are 10 common species and 9 rare species. The richness index of the locust is significantly higher on lowland meadow than the other plots. The dominance index from high to low is Temperate steppe, lowland meadow, temperate desert and alpine meadow, while the order of diversity index from high to low is temperate steppe, lowland meadow , temperate desert and alpine meadow. What more,the evenness index of temperate desert is the highest. Oedaleus asiaticus is the indicator species with 70.67% value on temperate steppe, while Myrmeleotettix palpalis is indicator species with 71.64% on temperate desert. Also the similarity of grasshopper communities on different grassland types was compared, and the results showed that the grasshopper communities in warm grassland, alpine meadow, warm desert and lowland meadow were moderately dissimilar to each other. [Conclusion]  The composition, diversity and indicator species of grasshopper communities are different among different grassland types. Vegetation change and altitude difference are important factors affecting their distribution.