膜翅目昆虫共生微生物研究进展
Advances in research on hymenopteran symbiotic microbiomes
胡娜娜** 王知知*** 陈学新***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2024.115
作者单位：浙江大学昆虫科学研究所，农业部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室，杭州 310058
中文关键词：膜翅目；共生微生物；传播途径；功能；影响因素
英文关键词：Hymenoptera; symbiotic microbiomes; transmission routes; microbiome functions; influence factor
中文摘要：膜翅目Hymenoptera昆虫，包括蜜蜂、蚂蚁和寄生蜂等，在农业生产、生态维护和生物防治中有着不可替代的作用。近年来，人们发现共生微生物是昆虫健康和适应性的重要守护者。本文概述了膜翅目广腰亚目Symphyta、细腰亚目Apocrita针尾部Aculeata（蜜蜂总科、蚁总科和胡蜂总科）和寄生部Parasitica（寄生蜂）的共生微生物群落多样性，探讨了共生微生物的主要传播途径。同时，进一步比较分析了共生微生物群落与昆虫发育阶段、季节、食物、社会性、地理环境、行为、共生生物等的关系，重点介绍了共生微生物在促进宿主食物消化、营养供给、解毒代谢、调控生殖、抵御病原菌和寄生虫及调控行为中的重要功能。最后，深入探讨了膜翅目昆虫共生微生物在农林业可持续发展和医药研发领域等方面的应用前景，并对未来做出展望。
英文摘要：
Hymenopteran insects, including bees, ants and
wasps, play an essential role in agricultural production, ecological
maintenance, and pest management. The symbiotic microbiomes of these and other
insects are essential guardians of host health and fitness. This paper reviews
the most recent progress in research on symbiotic microbiomes of the Symphyta,
Aculeata (Apoidea, Formicide and Vespoidea) and
Parasitica (parasitic wasps), and their transmission routes in hymenopterans.
We also discuss the relationships between the microbiome and host’s
developmental stage, season, diet, caste and geographic location. Furthermore,
we introduce the role of symbiotic microbiomes in host food digestion, nutrient
provision, metabolic detoxication, reproductive manipulation, resistance to
pathogens and parasites and behavioral modulation. Prospects for sustainable agricultural and
forestry development, and pharmaceutical research are discussed, and a vision
for the future is outlined.