圆褐固氮菌对转Bt棉花靶标害虫棉铃虫的抗虫性影响
Effects of Azotobacter chroococcum inoculation on the target insect-resistance of transgenic Bt cotton
李 卓1** 刘新东2 刘 飞2 颜 越3 张兴瑞1 常春燕1 刘 洋1 戈
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2024.125
作者单位：1. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，济南 250100；2. 济南护理职业学院，济南 250109； 3. 山东省农业生态与资源保护总站，济南 250100
中文关键词：圆褐固氮菌；转Bt棉花；棉铃虫；Bt蛋白；氮代谢生理；生长发育；繁殖力
英文关键词：Azotobacter chroococcum; transgenic Bt cotton; Helicoverpa armigera; Bt toxin protein; nitrogen metabolism physiology; growth and development; reproduction
中文摘要：【目的】 探究圆褐固氮菌Azotobacter chroococcum调控转Bt棉花的靶标抗虫效果。【方法】 采用浸种包衣法，对Bt棉（Bt）和非抗虫亲本（Yu）进行圆褐固氮菌处理（AC）和固氮菌培养液对照处理（CK），测定不同处理棉花叶片的Bt蛋白表达量和氮代谢生理，以及取食不同处理棉花叶片后靶标害虫棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera的生长发育、繁殖和营养利用等变化。【结果】 相较于固氮菌培养液对照处理，圆褐固氮菌处理的棉花叶片中Bt蛋白表达（Bt：+26.73%）、可溶性蛋白含量（Bt：+17.69%；Yu：+6.16%）和谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶活性（Bt：+72.64%；Yu：+60.27%）均显著增加（P <
0.01），游离氨基酸含量（Bt：﹣0.90%；Yu：﹣5.80%）和蛋白酶活性显著降低（Bt：﹣1.83%；Yu：﹣4.06%）（P ≤ 0.001）。相较于固氮菌培养液对照处理，圆褐固氮菌处理的Bt棉叶棉铃虫的幼虫历期（+11.57%）、蛹期（+1.03%）、相对消耗率（+6.07%）和近似消化率（+4.17%）呈现显著增加（P < 0.05），其成虫寿命（﹣4.09%）、化蛹率（﹣46.09%）、蛹重（﹣21.09%）、单雌产卵量（-59.86%）、内禀增长率（﹣9.31%）、相对生长率（﹣4.26%）、净转化率（﹣5.82%）和毛转化率（﹣5.51%）有显著下降（P <
0.05），而取食圆褐固氮菌处理非抗虫亲本棉叶的棉铃虫生长发育、繁殖及取食营养利用则呈现相反规律性。【结论】 接种圆褐固氮菌可提高棉花的氮素利用效率和Bt棉毒蛋白的表达，进而提升其对靶标害虫棉铃虫的抗虫能力。
英文摘要：
[Aim] To clarify the effects of Azotobacter chroococcum inoculation
on the target insect-resistance of transgenic Bt cotton. [Methods] We used the seed immersion coating method to infect Bt
cotton (Bt) and non-Bt cotton
(Yu) seeds with Azotobacter chroococcum (AC) and the sterilized medium (CK). A
laboratory test was carried out to study the Bt toxin protein expression
and nitrogen metabolism physiology of cottons inoculated with A. chroococcum, and investigate the growth, development, reproduction and food
utilization of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera fed on cottons
infected by A. chroococcum. [Results] The findings indicated that the
infection of azotobacter
significantly increased the Bt toxin protein expression (+26.73%) and the nitrogen metabolism indexes
of cotton, as soluble protein content (Bt: +17.69%; Yu:
+6.16%), GPT (Bt: +72.64%; Yu: +60.27%) (P < 0.01), except for the decreasing Free amino
acids content (Bt: ﹣0.90%; Yu: ﹣5.80%) and protease activity (Bt: ﹣1.83%; Yu: ﹣4.06%) (P ≤ 0.001).
Compared to CK, AC treatment obviously increased the larval life-span
(+11.57%), pupal duration (+1.03%), relative consumption rate (+6.07%) and
approximate digestibility (+4.17%) of H.
armigera (P < 0.05),
and reduced the adult longevity (﹣4.09%), pupation rate (﹣46.09%), pupal weight
(﹣21.09%), fecundity (﹣59.86%), innate rate of increase
(﹣9.31%), relative growth rate (﹣4.26%),
efficiency of conversion of digested food (﹣5.82%) and efficiency of
conversion of ingested food (﹣5.51%) of H. armigera (P < 0.05). There were opposite trends on the growth,
development, reproduction and food utilization of H. armigera fed on non-Bt
cotton infected by A. chroococcum compared with CK. [Conclusion] Overall results significantly depicted
that the infection of azotobacter had
positive effects on the Bt
toxin protein expression and
nitrogen utilization of Bt
cotton to enhance the target insect-resistance.