光肩星天牛在沙枣上的刻槽产卵行为观察 及其相关器官超微结构特征分析
The oviposition behavior of Anoplophora glabripennis and ultrastructural analysis of the organs involved
田 伊** 任利利 裴佳禾*** 齐若涵 郝柯宇 李呈澄 骆有庆***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.007
作者单位：北京林业大学林木有害生物防治北京市重点实验室，北京 100083
中文关键词：光肩星天牛；沟胫天牛亚科；产卵器；口器；感器；电子显微镜
英文关键词：Anoplophora glabripennis; Lamiinae; ovipositor; mouthparts; sensillun; electron microscopy
中文摘要：
【目的】 光肩星天牛Anoplophora
glabripennis为沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae昆虫。光肩星天牛Anoplophora
glabripennis的雌虫产卵行为需要口器和产卵器共同完成，分为两步，即口器先咬刻槽，产卵器后伸入刻槽产卵。光肩星天牛在沙枣Elaeagnus
angustifolia上的无卵刻槽或有卵刻槽都会引起沙枣泌胶。本实验以光肩星天牛刻槽和产卵行为切入，进而精细观察了口器和产卵器的形态特征、感器形态，对比不同亚科天牛产卵器及其感器形态差异，探究光肩星天牛在刻槽产卵行为中可能引起沙枣泌胶的原因。【方法】 对光肩星天牛刻槽产卵行为进行观察，明确参与产卵刻槽行为的主要器官；利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、扫描探针显微镜观察光肩星天牛成虫口器和产卵器的形态结构、部分物理特征及其上感器的分布与超微结构。对比具有刻槽产卵行为的沟胫天牛亚科与其他非刻槽产卵天牛种类的产卵器差异。【结果】 光肩星天牛在沙枣上刻槽时长为（10.2±7.1）min，产卵时长为（11.3±2.1）min。与非沟胫天牛亚科的天牛相比，沟胫天牛亚科的产卵器基腹片之间开口更深，基腹片长度与第9腹节长度之比更大；其产卵器端突末端的毛形感器平均较非沟胫天牛亚科的天牛较短，沟胫天牛亚科端突末端毛形感器长度与端突长度比值平均较非沟胫天牛亚科的天牛较小。【结论】 光肩星天牛在沙枣上刻槽产卵后的特殊泌胶现象，可能与口器和产卵器对沙枣的机械损伤引起植物防御反应有关。
英文摘要：
[Aim] To describe the ultrastructure of
the mouthparts and ovipositor of adult, female Anoplophora glabripennis,
to investigate the oviposition behavior of this species, and to compare the
structure of the A. glabripennis ovipositor and sensilla to those of
other members of the subfamily Cerambycidae.[Methods] The oviposition behavior of A.
glabripennis was observed. The ultramorphology of the mouthparts and
ovipositor of adult female A. glabripennis, and those of other members
of the family Cerambycidae, was observed under a stereoscopic, and scanning
electron, microscope.[Results] The
average time required for female A.
glabripennis to create an oviposition
scar on Elaeagnus angustifolia was (10.2 ± 7.1) min, and the average
time required for oviposition was (11.3 ± 2.1) min. The opening between the
basisternum of the ovipositor in the subfamily Lamiinae is deeper than that in
other subfamilies of the Cerambycidae. The ratio between the length of the
basisternum and the length of the ninth ventral segment is larger in the
Lamiinae than in the other subfamilies, whereas the length of the sensilla
trichoidea at the tip of the ovipositor stylus is smaller. The ratio of the
length of the sensilla trichoidea at the tip of the ovipositor stylus to the
length of the stylus is smaller in the Lamiinae than in other subfamilies. [Conclusion] A. glabripennis may
induce E. angustifolia to exude gum partly due to the mechanical injury
caused by the mouthparts and ovipositor during the scar making process and
oviposition, respectively. Mechanical interactions between the microstructures
of the mouthparts and the ovipositor and those of the plant may trigger the E.
angustifolia defensive response.