【目的】 明确不同食料对二化螟Chilo suppressalis生长发育和繁殖的影响。【方法】 用人工饲料、水稻和茭白分别饲养二化螟，比较个体生长发育速度、整齐度和繁殖力。【结果】 取食人工饲料、水稻和茭白的二化螟，其幼虫历期分别为32.3、26.0和22.5 d，6龄幼虫重量分别为69.8、71.9和75.5 mg，取食人工饲料与茭白的二化螟幼虫历期和6龄幼虫重量之间都有显著差异（P<0.05）。取食茭白的幼虫重量和蛹重量频率分布较为集中，具有更好的整齐度。人工饲料饲养二化螟的蛹历期为8.3 d，相比在水稻和茭白上显著延长（P<0.05）。人工饲料、水稻和茭白饲养二化螟的幼虫存活率、化蛹数、蛹重和成虫数均依次递增，茭白能够使更多的二化螟个体完成生活史，并且具有更高的个体重量和产卵量。3种食料中，二化螟成虫产卵量和卵孵化率无显著差异（P>0.05）。【结论】 取食茭白的二化螟生长发育速度最快，个体质量和整齐度也较好，具有最高的繁殖力。

 [Aim]  To assess the effects of different foods on the growth and reproduction of striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis). [Methods]  Striped stem borer larvae were reared on either an artificial diet, cultivated rice, or wild rice, and their growth, uniformity of development and reproductive capacity on each food type were measured and compared. [Results]  Larvae survived on the artificial diet, rice and wild rice for 32.3, 26.0 and 22.5 d, respectively, and attained sixth-instar weights of 69.8, 71.9 and 75.5 mg, respectively. Significant differences were observed between larval periods and sixth-instar weights of larvae reared on the artificial diet and wild rice (P<0.05). The frequency distribution of the weight of larvae and pupae fed on wild rice was more normally distributed, and their development was more uniform. The pupal period of larvae fed the artificial diet reached 8.3 d; noticeably longer than that of those that fed cultivated or wild rice (P<0.05). The larval survival rate, pupation rate, pupal weight, and number of adults produced, were highest in larvae fed on wild rice and lowest in those fed the artificial diet. A greater proportion of the larvae that were fed wild rice completed their life cycle and these also attained higher pupal weights and adult fecundity. Food type had no significant effect the number of eggs laid or the hatching rate (P>0.05). [Conclusion]  C. suppressalis larvae that feed on wild rice develop quicker, have higher pupal weight, more uniformity of development, and higher fecundity.